Special talents and defects : $b Their significance for educationHollingworth, Leta Stetter
Science
Special talents and defects : $b Their significance for education
Hollingworth, Leta Stetter
Educational psychology; Educational tests and measurements; Exceptional children
In October, 1918, X returned to the College, seeking instruction, but
Miss Fisk had discontinued her studies, and no teacher was available at
the moment. In March, 1919, X’s mother reported that he had “done
nothing” in reading and spelling at school, though he was not deficient
in geography or arithmetic, and asked for assistance. Upon this report,
X was invited to come for further instruction, which was given
thereafter by the present writer.
The method previously undertaken was continued. The _Riverside Primer_
was mastered, between March and June of 1919. Each new word was learned
by spelling aloud and sounding. After several repetitions of this
process, a new word would be assimilated into the vocabulary which could
be read at sight, with the word as the unit of perception. In June of
1919, X could read any word in the _Riverside Primer_, either at sight
or by spelling, and could write without error every letter of the
alphabet, both small letters and capitals. He could also read simple
matter which interested him in daily life, such as the weather reports,
from newspapers.
From October, 1919, to June, 1920, X came for one hour each week, to be
instructed. The _Riverside First Reader_ was studied through. He made
steady progress, as may best be seen from the repeated measurements on
Trabue’s “Language Scale A,” which are illustrated in Figure 6 (page
77).
In September, 1920, X entered grade 5B, being 14 years of age, three
years retarded in school status, by the New York City age-grade norms.
His speech defect was again noticeable. All through this year, till
June, 1921, he came for one hour each week to take instruction in
reading and spelling. The series of Riverside readers was now abandoned,
in favor of the history and other books used regularly in grade 5B.
Toward the end of that school year, some reading was also done from
boys’ stories, in which X had spontaneously become interested during the
summer of 1920.
From October, 1921, to May, 1922, stories written for boys were used as
material for the reading lesson. X brought with him whatever book he
happened to be reading at the moment, and the lesson was taken from it.
By this time X had become so fond of silent reading as a pastime that
several difficulties in oral reading, not previously present, developed.
One of these was the tendency to guess at new words, without waiting to
perceive them accurately, in order to get on with the story. Another was
the tendency to leave out all well known and unimportant monosyllables,
such as “and,” “the,” “but,” “of,” “who,” and so forth. These words he
knew unerringly when he could be induced to look at them, but in silent
reading he had evidently formed the habit of neglecting them altogether.
These faults were corrected by practice in reading backwards, which
offers no incentive to skip words.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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