Speciation of the Wandering ShrewFindley, James S. (James Smith)
Science
Speciation of the Wandering Shrew
Findley, James S. (James Smith)
Shrews
intergradation has occurred the result often has been increased size
of the lowland shrews, although they usually retain the reddish summer
pelage rather than acquiring the more grayish pelage of _obscurus_.
The name _dobsoni_ was based upon shrews from a place where lowland
and highland forms occur almost together with only a slight amount of
intergradation. Examples of "_dobsoni_" may not with certainty be
distinguished from typical _vagrans_ except that they are, as Merriam
(1895:68-69) points out, somewhat larger. Merriam (_loc. cit._)
further notes that _dobsoni_ is "intermediate in size and cranial
characters between _S. vagrans_ and _obscurus_;" a statement which
hits very close to the heart of the matter. I consider the name
_dobsoni_ to apply to intergrades. To attempt to apply the name to the
highly variable populations of intergrades from British Columbia to
southern Idaho seems inadvisable. I have examined the possibility of
using the name _amoenus_ for the animals from this region. The
characters which set _amoenus_ apart from _vagrans_, slightly shorter
tail and slightly darker summer pelage, however, are not universally
found in shrews from the Columbian Plateau and eastern Great Basin and
furthermore these differences between _amoenus_ and _vagrans_ do not
seem to me to be of great enough magnitude to warrant subspecific
recognition of the former. Thus the name _S. v. vagrans_ may apply to
shrews in the region under consideration. The subspecies, as thus
thought of, embraces several incipient subspecies, namely (1) the
populations on the isolated mountain ranges of Nevada, (2) the coastal
rain forest population and possibly (3) the population on the
Columbian Plateau.
In western British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon no evidences of
intergradation between _S. v. vagrans_ and the races _setosus_,
_permiliensis_, _bairdi_, _yaquinae_, or _pacificus_ are seen. In this
region _S. v. vagrans_ occurs sympatrically with one or the other of
these subspecies. Different degrees of differentiation thus obtain
between the subspecies _vagrans_ as here defined and the surrounding
subspecies of _Sorex vagrans_ to wit: complete intergradation and
allopatry in Utah with _S. v. obscurus_; partial intergradation and
partial sympatry with _S. v. obscurus_ in the foothill region from
Idaho to British Columbia; no intergradation and complete sympatry
with all the other races of _Sorex vagrans_ from the Cascades to the
coast and south to San Francisco Bay. The relationship of _S. v.
vagrans_ to the wandering shrews of the high Sierra is discussed on
page 58.
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