springs under driving-boxes introduced about 1805, i. 185; ii. 240; shorter stages adopted, about 1800, i. 186; travel at night, from about 1780, i. 186; ii. 66; speed increased, i. 189; duty levied, 1776, i. 205; duty increased 1783 and 1785, i. 206; accidents increase, i. 206; Gamon’s Acts, regulating number of passengers, 1788–90, i. 206–9; severity of Acts of 1806 and 1811, regulating, i. 209–12; the law constantly broken, i. 212; rise and progress of the professional informers, i. 213–18; duties reduced, 1839, i. 218–20; provincial coaches despised, i. 245; first begin to be named, i. 282; opposition and rivalry of, i. 282–8; “machine” becomes a favourite term, about 1754, i. 286; introduction of “diligences,” about 1776, i. 287; “diligences,” originally fast, become slow, i. 288–92; Shillibeer’s Brighton Diligence, i. 290–92; the Post-Coaches and Light Post-Coaches, a fast and exclusive type, i. 292–5; objectionable company in, i. 294; “Accommodation” coaches, slow and capacious, introduced about 1800, i. 295; generally acquire names from about 1780, i. 295; the principles and system of naming described, i. 295–317; the public alarmed by increasing accidents, 1810–20, i. 310; “patent safety,” i. 309–16; Waude’s coaches, ii. 16; fast day coaches begin, 1824, ii. 173–87; attain speed of eleven and twelve miles an hour, ii. 179, 185; Cobbett on, ii. 182; gas-lighting of, proposed, ii. 186; Glasgow and Paisley coaches lit by gas 1827, ii. 186; increased comfort and elegance of, ii. 186; “short stages,” the, ii. 187–93; threatened by railways, ii. 208; rivalry, 1830–36, ii. 215–17; threatened by steam-carriages, 1824–38, ii. 260–68; run off by railways, ii. 269–74; long survived on branch routes, ii. 281; ended generally 1848, ii. 292 Stage-coaches (mentioned at length):-- Age, Brighton, ii. 247, 252 Amersham and Wendover stage, ii. 281 Bath Flying Machine, 1667, i. 68 Bedford Times, i. 2 Beehive, Manchester, ii. 162, 229–31 Birmingham Flying Coach, 1742, i. 92 ” Improved Flying Coach, 1758, i. 92 ” and Shrewsbury Long Coach, 1753, in 4 days, i. 95 ” stage, 1697, by Banbury, i. 77; in 2½ days, 1731, i. 80 Chesham stage, ii. 281 Chester stage, 1657, in 4 days, i. 60; in 5 days, i. 62; in 6 days, 1710, i. 73 Coburg, Brighton, ii. 97 ” Edinburgh and Perth, ii. 108 Comet, Brighton, established 1815, i. 305–8, 312 ” Southampton, ii. 207 “Confatharrat,” Norwich, 1695, i. 80, 282 Coronet, Brighton, ii. 251 Criterion, Brighton, ii. 105 Defiance, Exeter, ii. 235