_From a Photograph. By Permission of the London & North Western Railway._] On her trials the _Carmania_ attained a speed of over 20 knots, and the saving in weight by adopting turbine engines as compared with the _Caronia’s_ reciprocating engines was found to amount to 5 per cent. In actual size these fine ships are inferior to the _Great Eastern_, but they were built with meticulous regard for strength, and needed 2,000 tons more material than was used in the old Brunel ship. The arrangements of the _Carmania’s_ turbines are worthy of note. There are three propellers and shafts. That in the centre is the high-pressure turbine, whilst the “wing” (or two side) turbines placed respectively to starboard and port are the low-pressure and astern turbines. Steam is supplied by eight double-ended and five single-ended boilers, which are fitted with Howden’s system of forced draught. This latter enables the air to be heated before it enters the furnace, and was patented in 1883. It is also in use on the _Mauretania_. The beautiful picture facing page 192 was taken in Holyhead Harbour in June, 1909, and is a study in comparisons. At the left, first come the two small steam craft, then the White Star passenger tender, the _Magnetic_, a twin-screw steamer of 619 tons, and, finally, the other White Star twin-screw mammoth _Baltic_, of 23,876 tons. The _Magnetic_ happens to be less than 100 tons smaller than the little _Sirius_, which was the first steamer to cross the Atlantic entirely under steam power in 1838. Therefore, if we but imagine in place of the twin-screw tender the paddle _Sirius_, we can form some fairly accurate idea of the extent to which the Atlantic steamship has developed in less than seventy years, a development that neither Fulton nor anyone else could have foretold in their wildest flights of imagination. This _Baltic_, with her 24,000 tons, is one of the largest vessels in the world--about 9,000 tons larger than Noah’s Ark, if we take the Biblical cubit as equal to a foot and a half, which makes that historic craft about 15,000 tons register. The _Baltic_ has a length of 725¾ feet; the Ark measured 450 feet in length. The _Baltic_ can carry with the utmost ease and luxury 3,000 passengers, as well as 350 crew. Just how many animals she could put away in her holds as well, if called upon, I do not know; but in any case it would be able to put up a keen competition with the capacities of Noah’s craft. Here, again, we find a White Star ship excelling not in speed, but in size, for she was designed to do only 16½ knots at the outside. She is propelled by quadruple-expansion engines. She made her appearance in 1905, and is additionally interesting, as she exhibits a slight divergence from the ten beams to the length principle, which governed for so long a time the White Star ships; to come up to this rule this vessel would have to be another 30 feet in length.