This premised, I will now give, in anticipation of another one dealing with the British monuments, a list of the most ancient star temples in Egypt, with their azimuths and the first-magnitude clock-stars which could have been observed in them at different dates. These dates have been approximately determined by the use of a precessional globe, an horizon of 1° elevation being assumed. As I have shown, the present views of Egyptian chronology and the inscriptions carry us back to α Ursae Majoris, at Denderah. But there is a suggestion at Luxor, and perhaps also at Abydos, that Vega was used before that star, though there are, so far as I know, no temple traces of Arcturus. --------------+-------+------+-------+-----+------+--------+--------- Temple. |N. Lat.| Az. | N. |Vega.| Arc- |α Ursae | γ | | N.E. | Decl. | |turus.|Majoris.|Draconis. --------------+-------+------+-------+-----+------+--------+--------- Annu |30° 10′|14° 0′|57° 25′| 6250| 5550 | *5200 | *2500 Memphis |29 50 |12 45 |58 20 | 6450| 6000 | 5000 | 2850 Denderah |26 10 |18 30 |58 52 | 6550| 6200 | *4950 | *3100 Thebes (Mut) |25 40 |17 30 |59 46 | 6700| 6700 | 4800 | *3500 Tell-el-Amarna|27 40 |13 0 |60 12 | 6800| 6800 | 4750 | 3700 Nagada |26 10 |12 0 |61 16 | 7000| 7400 | 4600 | 4000 --------------+------+-------+-------+-----+------+--------+--------- There is a very great difference between determining the date of a temple erected to the rising or setting of a particular star, and of one erected to the rising or setting of the sun on a particular day of the year. In the latter case no date can be given unless we have reason to believe that both the sun _and_ a star rose or set at the same point of the horizon at the same date; in other words, the sun and star had the same declination, and the rising or setting of both could be seen in the same temple.