In the adoption of the system which substituted the “machining” of automobile parts for hand production, the industry instituted savings of time and labor and therefore cost, one instance of which illustrates the almost incredible potentialities in scientific economy. A block of cylinders, which takes eleven hours to bore by hand, is bored in two hours by automatic machinery. WORLD YET TO LEARN THE LESSON OF ECONOMY. Will the world as a whole ever learn thoroughly the lesson of what the saving of time means in its equivalent of money? Full realization of this is practically confined in this day and generation to some manufacturers, and to most efficiency experts. But the great mass does not acutely see it. The farmer knows that if he takes four hours to go to town when it is not necessary, he has lost the money represented by four hours’ work. That is plain to him, but it does not strike him that taking four hours to haul a load of grain to town by horses when it would take only one hour to do it by motor truck is throwing money away, and is an economic waste only in another form. Nor does he quickly see that a motor truck will perform service more economically than the horse, including cheaper cost of maintenance. He also appears unable to get the same viewpoint on the economic loss by bad roads, that he does of wasting four hours to go needlessly to town. The farmer has long had demonstration of the economic superiority of the mechanical reaper over the hand cradle, that of the mechanical thresher over the flail, and that of the drill over sowing by hand. But he is slow to see that the motor truck is superior to the horse and a factor in greater economy as the reaper, the thresher and the drill were superior to man, while at the same time his liberator from the hardest types of labor, and an economic saving to boot. When all farmers learn the full facts of the superiority of motor mechanism over horses, only one instance of which is that their cost per mile haulage is 16-2/3 cents, against 30-7/10 cents for the horse, a wider use will result. It is only the highly developed efficiency expert who yet can count a minute of time in its equivalent of cents, and an hour in its equivalent of dollars. The automobile industry has had the benefit of the highest quality of efficiency generalship. Chalmers was making $70,000 a year with the National Cash Register Company when an automobile company secured him by promising more. Flanders was offered by Ford, in addition to his salary, a bonus of $20,000 if, in the first year of his administration, he would turn out 10,000 cars. By installing the first automatic machine tool system, which itself was mechanical co-operation, Flanders collected the bonus. No industry, except perhaps oil or steel, has paid men such salaries, bonuses and commissions as has that of the automobile.