Hymenophore confluent _Galera_ IV. Spores purple, sometimes brownish purple, dark purple, or dark brown.--Pratellae. 36. Without cartilaginous bark. 37. Hymenophore free. 38. With a volva _Chitonia_ 38. Without a volva _Psalliota_ 37. Hymenophore confluent. 39. Veil normally ring shaped on the stem _Stropharia_ 39. Veil normally adhering to the margin of the pileus _Hypholoma_ 36. With cartilaginous bark. 40. Gills decurrent _Deconica_ 40. Gills not decurrent. 41. Margin of pileus at first incurved _Psilocybe_ 41. Margin of pileus at first straight _Psathyra_ V. Spores black or nearly so.--Coprinarii. 42. Gills deliquescent COPRINUS 42. Gills not deliquescent. 43. Gills decurrent GOMPHIDIUS 43. Gills not decurrent. 44. Pileus striate _Psathyrella_ 44. Pileus not striate _Panaeolus_ In the Friesian classification which, with modifications, has prevailed for many years among mycologists, the _genus Agaricus_ included in its _subgenera_ the greater part of the species of the order _Agaricini_. The subgenera, printed in the above table in italics, were included in this genus. The genera are printed in capitals. In the Saccardian system, all the _subgenera_ of _Agaricus_ having been elevated to _generic_ rank, the term Agaricus is limited to a very small group which includes the _subgenus Psalliota_ of Fries, the species being characterized by fleshy caps, free gills, ringed stem, and dark brown or purplish brown spores. As restricted, it naturally falls into the spore series _Melanosporeae._ In the white-spored section, Leucospori, the recorded edible species occur in the following genera: Marasmius, Cantharellus, Lactarius, Russula, Hygrophorus, Collybia, Pleurotus, Clitocybe, Tricholoma, Armillaria, Lepiota, and Amanita. The plants of Marasmius are usually thin and dry, reviving with moisture. Cantharellus is characterized by the obtuseness of the edges of the lamellae, Lactarius by the copious milky or sticky fluid which exudes from the plants when cut or bruised. Russula is closely allied to Lactarius, and the plants bear some resemblance in external appearance to those of that genus, but they are never milky, and the gills are usually rigid and brittle. In Hygrophorus the plants are moist, not very large, often bright colored, and the gills have a waxy appearance. The Collybias are usually caespitose, the stems exteriorly cartilaginous, in some species swelling and splitting open in the centre.