Student's Hand-book of Mushrooms of America, Edible and PoisonousTaylor, Thomas
Science
Student's Hand-book of Mushrooms of America, Edible and Poisonous
Taylor, Thomas
Mushrooms -- United States; Pathogenic fungi
Cap at first ovate, then expanded, showing distinct umbo, cuticle thick,
torn into evanescent scales; gills remote from the stem, free, white, or
yellowish-white; stem long, slender, variegated with brownish scales,
hollow or slightly stuffed, bulbous at the base, and bearing a
well-defined thickish ring, which in the mature plant is movable. Spores
white, elliptical. The color of the cap varies from a light tan or
ochraceous yellow to a dark reddish-brown. The surface showing beneath
the lacerated cuticle is of a lighter hue than the cuticle, and is silky
and fibrillose, giving the cap a somewhat shaded or spotted appearance.
The flesh is dry, soft and thready, white. Taste and odor pleasant.
Cap from 3 to 5 inches broad; stem from 5 to 10 inches high.
This species is commonly found in pastures and in open grassy places;
sometimes in open woods near cultivated fields, usually solitary or in
very small clusters. It is a favorite among mycophagists. Lepiota
_racodes_ closely resembles Lepiota _procera_, and by some botanists the
two are regarded as forms of the same species. In L. _racodes_ the
pileus is at first globose, expanded, and finally depressed in the
centre; the cuticle is thin and broken into persistent scales; the whole
plant smaller than L. procera. Flesh slightly reddish when bruised.
Edible. There is also a white variety (_puellaris_) with a floccose
squamose cap.
PLATE XI.
FIGS. 5 to 9.--=Ag. (Lepiota) naucinus= Fries (=Lepiota naucinoides=
Peck). "_Smooth White Lepiota_."
EDIBLE.
Cap at first sub-globose, then curved, the surface smooth and satiny
when dry, creamy white; gills close and slightly rounded at the inner
extremity towards the stem, free from the stem, white; stem white,
smooth, hollow, and bulbous at the base; ring thick, distinct, movable,
white. The gills, soon after gathering, become suffused with a faint
pinkish or fleshy tint. The spores are white, sub-elliptical. Specimens
occur in which there is a slight granulation in the centre of the cap,
but they are rare. The variety _squamosa_ shows the surface of the cap,
somewhat broken into thick scales.
L. _naucinoides_ is a very clean and attractive looking mushroom,
usually symmetrical in shape. It is a fleshier mushroom than L.
_procera_, and is found in grassy places, in lawns, sometimes in
gardens, or by roadsides, especially where the soil is rich. The
specimens figured in Plate XI were gathered in a rose garden, growing in
loamy soil. Specimens have been received from different States, some of
them much larger than those here illustrated.
This mushroom is recorded by some authors as equal in flavor to the
Parasol mushroom. When stewed with butter it makes a very appetizing
dish.
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