(2) An "idea" is not an "image," because an idea _is_ meaning, which
consists in a part of the content of the image, cut off, and considered
apart from the _existence_ of the content or sign itself.[85] This
meaning, this fragment of psychical existence, lays down all claim to
existence on its own account, that it may refer through an act of
judgment to a reality beyond itself and beyond the act also. An "image"
is not an "idea" and an "idea" is not an "image," because an "image"
exists only as a quality, a sense-content, whereas an "idea" exists only
as a relation, a reference to reality beyond. "On the one hand," to
recall Bradley's antinomy, "no possible idea [as a psychical image] can
be that which it means.... On the other hand, no idea [as logical
signification] is anything but just what it means."
There is a significant point of agreement between the conceptualist and
the empiricist. Both regard imagery as on the level with
sense-perception. For the empiricist, as we have seen, the fact that
imagery may be compelled to serve as a yoke-fellow of sense-experience
constitutes its logical value. For the conceptualist, however, the
association of imagery with sense-experience is of no logical
consequence whatsoever, save as it may help to intensify the distinction
between imagery and meaning. To quote again from Bradley:
For logical purposes the psychological distinction of idea and
sensation may be said to be irrelevant, while the distinction of
idea and fact is vital. The image, or psychological idea, is for
logic nothing but a sensible reality. It is on a level with the
mere sensations of the senses. For both are facts and neither are
meanings. Neither are cut from a mutilated presentation and fixed
as a connection. Neither are indifferent to their place in the
stream of psychical events, their time and their relations to the
presented congeries. Neither are adjectives to be referred from
their existence, to live on strange soils, under other skies, and
through changing seasons. The lives of both are so entangled with
their environment, so one with their setting of sensuous
particulars, that their character is destroyed if but one thread
is broken.[86]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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