Truth is very frequently defined in terms of external meaning as
_that about which we judge_.... In the second place, truth has
been defined as the _correspondence between our ideas and their
objects_[179].... When we undertake to express the objective
validity of any truth, we use judgment. These judgments, if
subjectively regarded, that is, if viewed merely as processes of
our own present thinking, whose objects are external to
themselves, involve in all their more complex forms, combinations
of ideas, devices whereby we weave already present ideas into more
manifold structure, thereby enriching our internal meaning; but
the act of judgment has always its other, its objective aspect.
The ideas when we judge are also to possess external meaning....
It is true, as Mr. Bradley has well said, that the intended
subject of every judgment is reality itself. The ideas that we
combine when we judge about external meanings are to have value
for us as truth only in so far as they not only possess internal
meaning, but also imitate, by their structure, what is at once
other than themselves, and, in significance, something above
themselves. That, at least, is the natural view of our
consciousness, just in so far as, in judging, we conceive our
thought as essentially other than its external object, and as
destined merely to correspond thereto. Now we have by this time
come to feel how hard it is to define the Reality to which our
ideas are thus to conform, and about which our judgments are said
to be made, so long as we thus sunder external and internal
meanings.[180]
_The universal judgment._--The problem is, then, to discover just the
nature and ground of this relation between the internal and external
meaning, between the idea and its object. This relation is established
in the act of judgment. Taking first _the universal judgment_, we find
here that the internal meaning has at best only a negative relation to
the external meaning.
To say that all A is B is in fact merely to assert that the real
world contains no objects that are A, but that fail to be of the
class B. To say that no A is B is to assert that the real world
contains no objects that are at once A and B.[181]
The universal judgments then "tell us indirectly what is in the realm of
external meaning; but only by first telling us what is not."[182]
However, these universal judgments have after all a positive value in
the realm of internal meaning; that is, as mere thought.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account