Studies in Moro History, Law, and ReligionSaleeby, Najeeb M. (Najeeb Mitry)
History
Studies in Moro History, Law, and Religion
Saleeby, Najeeb M. (Najeeb Mitry)
Law -- Philippines; Mindanao Island (Philippines) -- History; Muslims -- Philippines
The large majority of the Moro sultanates are, however, small, and
have never been fully numbered or described. They generally represent
small divisions of territory and subdivisions of tribes, each under
one chief who calls himself sultan or datu. Nevertheless, tribal
relations and language group these petty divisions into two large
distinct groups, the Magindanao and the Iranun. The Magindanao group
includes the majority of the tribes. The Iranun group is restricted
to the tribes living along the eastern coast of the Bay of Illana
from the point of Polloc to the neighborhood of Tukurun, and the
whole Ranao region lying between that line and the Bay of Iligan.
The Magindanao group is the greater of the two in number, in the extent
of its territory, and in fame. Indeed, all the Moros of Mindanao,
except the Iranun, were at one time under one influence and were
brought under the sole control of the sultan of Magindanao.
The Samal Moros, who are variously classified by different writers
and who are often mentioned as one of the main divisions of the Moros
of Mindanao, are really foreign to Mindanao and belong to a distinct
and separate group. Until recently they had never been independent,
but had lived under the protection of various datus, and always served
the datu for the protection he afforded them, or paid him tribute. They
were sea rovers and had no claim on territory anywhere. Lately they
have settled down on the Island of Basilan, the Sulu Archipelago,
and around the Zamboanga peninsula. The Samals were the latest of the
Malay people to arrive in the Philippine Islands. In fact, they are
the only Malay people of whom we have positive historical statement of
emigration from the Malay Peninsula to Sulu and Mindanao, and were in
all probability Mohammedans prior to their arrival in the Philippine
Islands. With the Magindanao and Iranun peoples it is different. They
were in the land and belonged to the native element of the country
long before their conversion to Islam.
Islam was successfully introduced and firmly established in Mindanao by
one man. This same man founded the sultanate of Magindanao and reformed
the whole system of government among his converts. His full name was
Sharif Mohammed Kabungsuwan, generally known as Sharif Kabungsuwan.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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