Studies in Moro History, Law, and ReligionSaleeby, Najeeb M. (Najeeb Mitry)
History
Studies in Moro History, Law, and Religion
Saleeby, Najeeb M. (Najeeb Mitry)
Law -- Philippines; Mindanao Island (Philippines) -- History; Muslims -- Philippines
Kabungsuwan was without doubt the greatest Mohammedan adventurer who
trod the soil of the island. But both the traditions of Magindanao
and its written records state that he was preceded by two pioneers,
the first of whom was Sharif Awliya. Awliya was universally regarded
as a relative and a predecessor of Kabungsuwan. His history is wrapped
in myths. He is said to have come to Mindanao in the air to search
for paradise, or that part of it which remained in Mindanao, and,
while he was looking for it on the hill of Tantawan (Cotabato), to
have found a houri who was sent to him from heaven. He married this
houri and she bore a daughter called Paramisuli. Later the sharif
returned to the west, but his wife and daughter remained in Magindanao.
The second arrival in Magindanao was Sharif Maraja, who married
Paramisuli and was thought to have begotten Tabunaway and Mamalu,
who were the chiefs of Magindanao when Kabungsuwan arrived in the
land. Sharif Maraja is said to have had a brother called Sharif Hasan,
who accompanied him as far as Basilan, but who stopped there and
founded the sultanate of Sulu. Whether Bidayan, the son of Sharif
Hasan, who is mentioned in the fourth tarsila, should be Bidin, the
abbreviated form of Zainul-Abidin, who was the first sultan of Sulu, it
is not easy to say. No copy of the Sulu genealogy has been obtained as
yet, and no authoritative statement can be made. But it is universally
believed that the first sultan of Sulu came from Basilan, and that the
ancestors of the sultans of Bruney, Sulu, and Magindanao were brothers.
Sharif Kabungsuwan was the son of Sharif Ali Zainul Abidin, a
descendant of the Prophet Mohammed who emigrated from Hadramut,
southern Arabia, to Juhur, Malay Peninsula. The sultan of Juhur, was
evidently a Mohammedan then, and was called Iskandar Thul-Karnayn,
the Arabic appellation of Alexander the Great. The word "Sharif"
is Arabic and means "noble." It is a title which is universally
given to the descendants of the Prophet Mohammed. The full title is
"Sayid Sharif," the "master and noble." The Arabians generally use the
first word, Sayid, alone, but the Moros have adopted the second. Being
highly respected on account of his ancestry, Zainul-Abidin was given
the hand of the sultan's daughter in marriage. Her name was Jusul
Asiqin, a corrupted form of the Arabic name "Jawzul-'Ashiqin." It is
generally believed that she bore three children, the youngest of whom
was called Kabungsuwan. The word "Kabungsuwan" is Malay and means
"the youngest." The names of the two older brothers of Kabungsuwan
were variously given. They were not mentioned in the tarsila and
have been obtained from mere traditions. One authority gave them as
Ahmad and Alawi, the other as Mohammed and Ahmad. Both authorities
agreed on the fact that the oldest founded the sultanate of Bruney,
and the second the sultanate of Sulu.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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