[20] _Hildegardis causae et curae edidit Paulus Kaiser_, Leipzig, B. G. Teubner, 1903. The MS. was brought to light by C. Jessen in the _Sitzungsberichte der kaiserl. Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse_, Band xlv, Heft 1, p. 97, Vienna, 1862. See also the same author in _Botanik in kulturhistorischer Entwickelung_, pp. 124-6, Leipzig, 1862, and in the _Anzeiger für Kunde der deutschen Vorzeit_, 1875, p. 175. An imperfect edition appeared in 1882 in Pitra, p. 468, under the title _Liber compositae medicinae de aegritudinum causis signis atque curis_. [21] Royal Library of Copenhagen, MS. Ny. Kgl. Saml., No. 90 b. [22] _Experimentarius medicinae continens Trotulae curandarum Aegritudinum muliebrium ... item quatuor Hildegardis de elementorum, fluminum aliquot Germaniae, metallorum,... herbarum, piscium & animantium terrae, naturis et operationibus_. Edited by G. Kraut, Strasbourg, J. Schott, 1544. The work often ascribed to Trotula is somewhat similar to the spurious medical works of Hildegard. Like them, it was probably written early in the thirteenth century. Trotula herself lived in the eleventh century, a generation or two before Hildegard. On Trotula see Salvatore de Renzi, _Collectio Salernitana_, vol. i, p. 149, Naples, 1852. [23] In the _Vita_, lib. ii, cap. 1; Migne, col. 101. [24] Migne, col. 1125. See also F. A. Reuss, _De Libris physicis S. Hildegardis commentatio historico-medica_, Würzburg, 1835, and ‘Der heiligen Hildegard Subtilitatum diversarum naturarum creaturarum libri novem, die werthvollste Urkunde deutscher Natur- und Heilkunde aus dem Mittelalter’ in the _Annalen des Vereins für Nassauische Alterthumskunde und Geschichtsforschung_, Band vi, Heft 1, Wiesbaden, 1859. [25] Rudolf Virchow, ‘Zur Geschichte des Aussatzes und der Spitäler, besonders in Deutschland’, in Virchow’s _Archiv für Pathologie_, vol. xviii, p. 285, &c., Berlin, 1860. [26] Reuss, in Migne, cols. 1121 and 1122, states on Theodoric’s authority that Hildegard had written a _book_ on this subject: ‘Exstat inter libros virginis fatidicae superstites opus argumenti partim physici partim medici, “De natura hominis, elementorum diversarumque creaturarum” in quo, ut Theodoricus idem fusius exponit, secreta naturae prophetico spiritu manifestavit.’ But Theodoric does not in fact anywhere speak of a _special work_ with this title or of this character. What he does write is as follows (_Vita_, lib. ii, cap. i, Migne, col. 101): ‘Igitur beata virgo ... librum visionum ... consummavit et _quaedam_ de natura hominis et elementorum, diversarumque creaturarum, et quomodo homini ex his succurrendum sit, aliaque multa secreta prophetico spiritu manifestavit.’ [27] Migne, cols. 1212 and 1213. [28] As detailed in the _Liber vitae meritorum_, Pitra, p. 228, and in many places in the _Liber divinorum operum_ and _Scivias_.