[36] Another translation of the _Almagest_ was made in Sicily in 1160, direct from the Greek. See C. H. Haskins and D. P. Lockwood, ‘The Sicilian Translators of the Twelfth Century and the First Latin Version of Ptolemy’s _Almagest_’, in _Harvard Studies in Classical Philology_, xi. 75, Cambridge, Mass., 1910. It is wholly improbable that Hildegard had access to this rendering, which is only known from a single MS. of the fourteenth century. [37] De Renzi, _Collectio Salernitana_, vol. i, p. 485, and vol. v, p. 50. [38] De Renzi, i. 486 and 495; v. 51 and 70. [39] De Renzi, i. 446; v. 3. [40] De Renzi, i. 485-6; v. 50-2. [41] _Scivias_, Migne, col. 403, and _Liber Divinorum Operum_, Migne, col. 868 and elsewhere. [42] _Scivias_, Migne, col. 404, and throughout the _Liber Divinorum Operum_. [43] Pitra, pp. 8, 114-16, 156, and 216. [44] The work of Bernard Sylvestris has been printed by C. S. Barach and J. Wrobel, Innsbruck, 1876. His identity, his sources, and his views are discussed by Charles Jourdain, _Dissertation sur l’état de la philosophie naturelle ... pendant la première moitié du XII^e siècle_; by A. Clerval, _Les Écoles de Chartres au Moyen Âge_, Paris, 1895, p. 259, &c.; by R. L. Poole, _Illustrations of the History of Mediaeval Thought_, London, 1884, p. 116, &c.; and by J. E. Sandys, _History of Classical Scholarship_, Cambridge, 1903, vol. i, p. 513, &c. [45] The works of Hugh of St. Victor are published in Migne, _Patrologia Latina_, clxxv-clxxvii. [46] The Kalonymos family furnished prominent examples. [47] Charles Singer, ‘Allegorical Representation of the Synagogue, in a Twelfth-Century Illuminated MS. of Hildegard of Bingen’, _Jewish Quarterly Review_, new series, vol. v, p. 268, Philadelphia, 1915. For further evidence of Hildegard’s acquaintance with the Jews see Pitra, p. 216; and Migne, cols. 967 and 1020-36. [48] Pitra, p. 51 et seq. [49] Catello de Vivo, _La Visione di Alberico, ristampata, tradotta e comparata con la Divina Commedia_, Ariano, 1899. For a comparison of Dante’s visions and those of Hildegard see Albert Battandier in the _Revue des questions historiques_, vol. xxxiii, p. 422, Paris, 1883. [50] Reprinted in Migne, vol. 195. [51] Herrade de Landsberg, _Hortus Deliciarum_, by A. Straub and G. Keller, Strasbourg, 1901, with two supplements. [52] For sphericity of earth see especially Migne, cols. 868 and 903. [53] In her later _Liber Divinorum Simplicis Hominis_ this method of orientation is varied both in the text and also in the Lucca illustrations. [54] Migne, col. 906. [55] Migne, cols. 903-4. [56] See H. Osborn Taylor, _The Mediaeval Mind_, vol. i, p. 472, London, 1911. [57] Migne, cols. 904-6. [58] H. Osborn Taylor, _The Mediaeval Mind_, i. 468, 471; ii. 569. See also A. Battandier, _Revue des questions historiques_, vol. xxxiii, p. 422, Paris, 1883.