[57] "Exhibitionism in its most typical form is," Garnier truly says, "a _systematic act_, manifesting itself as the _strange equivalent of a sexual connection_, or its _substitution_." The brief account of exhibitionism (pp. 433-437) in Garnier's discussion of "Perversions Sexuelles" at the International Medical Congress at Paris in 1900 (_Section de Psychiatrie: Comptes-Rendus_) is the most satisfactory statement of the psychological aspects of this perversion with which I am acquainted. Garnier's unrivalled clinical knowledge of these manifestations, due to his position during many years as physician at the Depôt of the Prefecture of Police in Paris, adds great weight to his conclusions. [58] The symbolism of coitus involved in flagellation has been touched on by Eulenburg (_Sexuale Neuropathie_, p. 121), and is more fully developed by Dühren (_Geschlechtsleben in England_, bd. ii, pp. 366, _et seq._). [59] A. Hoche, _Neurologische Centralblatt_, 1896, No. 2. [60] _Op. cit._, pp. 478, et seq. [61] C.H. Hughes, "Morbid Exhibitionism," _Alienist and Neurologist_, August, 1904. Another somewhat similar American case, also preceded by overwork, and eventually adjudged insane by the courts, is recorded by D.S. Booth, _Alienist and Neurologist_, February, 1905. [62] Exhibitionism in epilepsy is briefly discussed by Féré, _L'Instinct Sexuel_, second edition, pp. 194-195. [63] W.S. Colman, "Post-Epileptic Unconscious Automatic Actions," _Lancet_, July 5, 1890. VI. The Forms of Erotic Symbolism are Simulacra of Coitus--Wide Extension of Erotic Symbolism--Fetichism Not Covering the Whole Ground of Sexual Selection--It is Based on the Individual Factor in Selection--Crystallization--The Lover and the Artist--The Key to Erotic Symbolism to be Found in the Emotional Sphere--The Passage to Pathological Extremes. We have now examined several very various and yet very typical manifestations in all of which it is not difficult to see how, in some strange and eccentric form--on a basis of association through resemblance or contiguity or both combined--there arises a definite mimicry of the normal sexual act together with the normal emotions which accompany that act. It has become clear in what sense we are justified in recognizing erotic symbolism.