[133] As regards one part of Australia, Walter Roth, _Ethnological Studies Among the Queensland Aborigines_, p. 174. [134] Sir H.H. Johnston, _British Central Africa_, p. 438. [135] Cap. VII, pp. 327-357, "De Spermaticis virilis usu Medico," [136] W.L. Howard, "Sexual Perversion," _Alienist and Neurologist_, January, 1896. [137] _Zentralblatt für Gynäkologie_, 1894, No. 49. [138] E. Toff, "Uber Imprägnierung," _Zentralblatt für Gynäkologie_, April, 1903. In a similar but somewhat more precise manner Dufougère has argued ("La Chlorose, ses rapports avec le marriage, son traitement par le liquide orchitique," Thèse de Bordeaux, 1902) that semen when absorbed by the vagina stimulates the secretion of the ovaries and thus exerts an influence over the blood in anæmia; in this way he seeks to explain why it is that coitus is the best treatment for chlorosis. [139] In this connection I may refer to an interesting and suggestive paper by Harry Campbell on "The Craving for Stimulants" (_Lancet_, October 21, 1899). No reference is made to coitus, but the author discusses stimulants as normal and beneficial products of the organism, and deals with the nature of the "physiological intoxication" they produce. [140] Spermin was first discovered in the sperm by Schreiner in 1878; it has also been found in the thyroid, ovaries and various other glands. "The spermin secreting and elaborating organs," Howard Kelly remarks (_British Medical Journal_, January 29, 1898), "may be called the apothecaries' of the body, secreting many important medicaments, much more active and more accurately representing its true wants than artificially administered drugs." [141] See, e.g., a summary of Buschan's comprehensive discussion of the subject of organotherapy (Eulenburg's _Real-Encyclopædie der Gesammten Heilkunde_) in _Journal of Mental Science_, April, 1899, p. 355. [142] "Observations Upon the Acquirement of Secondary Sexual Characters, Indicating the Formation of an Internal Secretion by the Testicles," _Proceedings Royal Society_, vol. lxxiii, p. 49. [143] See, e.g., the experiments of Cecca and Zappi, summarized in _British Medical Journal_, July 2, 1904. IV. The Aptitude for Detumescence--Is There an Erotic Temperament?--The Available Standards of Comparison--Characteristics of the Castrated--Characteristics of Puberty--Characteristics of the State of Detumescence--Shortness of Stature--Development of the Secondary Sexual Characters--Deep Voice--Bright Eyes--Glandular Activity--Everted Lips--Pigmentation--Profuse Hair--Dubious Significance of Many of These Characters.