This, the only European species here to be considered, possesses almost the same markings as _Galii_ in its fourth stage, _i.e._, a subdorsal line with interpolated ring-spots. The species is known to be rare, and I have not been able to obtain living specimens, but I have examined several blown larvæ, all of which agree in having the ring-spots sharply distinct from the whitish subdorsal line, so that the latter is thereby interrupted. Figures of the adult larva are given in the works of Hübner, Boisduval, and Duponchel. In most specimens the ground-colour is brown, although Boisduval[93] also figures a light green specimen; from which it may be inferred, from analogy with _Galii_ and _Vespertilio_, that the first stages are green. In Dr. Staudinger’s collection there is a young larva, probably in the fourth stage, the ground-colour of which is light ash-grey. The dorsal and subdorsal lines are white, the latter showing in the positions where the ring-spots subsequently appear, small white “mirrors” with red nuclei, exactly corresponding to the stage of _Vespertilio_ represented in Fig. 49 A, Pl. VI. The “mirrors” are nothing more than dilatations of the subdorsal line, which is not therefore interrupted by them. The black “ground-area” does not surround the “mirrors” completely, but borders them only above and below, and is much more strongly developed above, extending in this direction to the dorsal line. The fourth group comprises the two species _D. Lineata_, Fabr., and _D. Zygophylli_, Ochs., the former being the North American representative of our _D. Livornica_, but differing in remaining permanently at the fourth stage of this last species. I am acquainted with _D. Lineata_ only through the figure of the adult larva given by Abbot and Smith, which figure, judging from the position and form of the spots, I am compelled to believe is not quite correct, notwithstanding the excellence of the other illustrations. The ground-colour of the caterpillar is green; the subdorsal yellow, bordered with black, slightly curved, arched lines, which nowhere interrupt its continuity. This North American species appears therefore to be an older form than our _Livornica_. DEILEPHILA ZYGOPHYLLI, OCHSENHEIMER.