Studies on Epidemic Influenza: Comprising Clinical and Laboratory InvestigationsUniversity of Pittsburgh. School of Medicine
History
Studies on Epidemic Influenza: Comprising Clinical and Laboratory Investigations
University of Pittsburgh. School of Medicine
Influenza; Influenza Epidemic, 1918-1919
Unless one had had a wide experience in the administrative side of
public health matters, it would be useless for him to try to discuss the
details of handling any sort of an epidemic, and even then local
conditions vary so much in different cities and States that each
administrator’s experience must differ greatly. The difficulty with
reports of epidemics by public health officials is usually found in the
fact that the reports are impersonal compilations and convey no idea to
the reader, or rather to the student (for no mere reader is attracted to
them), of what situations were faced, of what difficulties were in the
way, of how the conditions were met, or what the administrator after due
reflection would advise doing next time under similar circumstances. In
the face of inexperience the writer ventures the following suggestions
for improvement, though no originality is claimed for the ideas.
The administrative powers should be centralized in one individual, or in
an executive officer acting for a competent board of advisers, who
should be endowed with the powers to carry out the measures which seem
best suited to meet the situation at hand, and who should be beyond the
pale of political interference and in position to prevent political
fiascos, built more or less directly on health regulations.
The United States Public Health Service should work toward standardizing
health laws and penalties for all States.
Thorough enforcement of ordinances requiring the reporting of all cases
and all deaths as now demanded by public health rulings should be
insisted upon. These reports are so important to a knowledge of the
progress of the epidemic that the section on preventive medicine of the
American Medical Association (51) has just advised the consideration of
eliminating from membership in the Association any physician who
willfully fails or refuses to comply with the regulations requiring the
reporting of communicable diseases. Additional information can be
obtained by daily canvasses of the schools, when open, of the large
industries, and of the daily admissions to hospitals. Data on the daily
facilities for the handling of additional cases in hospitals should be
on file in the office of the administrator of health.
Printed instructions giving in detail the proper procedures for
isolation of the patient and the protection of the family should be
supplied to physicians for distribution at the first visit to suspected
cases.
_Desirable Laws_
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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