Studies on Epidemic Influenza: Comprising Clinical and Laboratory InvestigationsUniversity of Pittsburgh. School of Medicine
History
Studies on Epidemic Influenza: Comprising Clinical and Laboratory Investigations
University of Pittsburgh. School of Medicine
Influenza; Influenza Epidemic, 1918-1919
prone to lay the responsibility of this state entirely at the door of
the nervous tissues. Here, however, we are able to offer evidence that
quite aside from the lesions arising in the nervous tissue, there is
definite muscle damage which, as we shall again discuss when describing
the microscopic features, incapacitates even to the point of complete
destruction the muscle elements in various fields of the body. Before,
however, being able to state that the muscular weakness of the
extremities is the result of such damage by toxins it is necessary to
obtain more definite information regarding the frequency with which
these degenerations occur in the limbs. In our own material we are
unable to discuss the matter with adequate figures. We are, however,
impressed with the changes observed in the muscles which were available
to us. Naturally, too, a certain number of muscle degenerations have
escaped our detection because of our unfamiliarity with the mildest
grades. In fact, we have already discovered in our microscopic studies
that certain cases, which in the macroscopic had escaped us, showed
well-marked lesions under the microscope.
TABLE IV
MUSCLE DEGENERATION
ABDOMINAL RECTI │ PECTORAL │ PSOAS
═══════════════╤═══════════════════════╪═══════════════╪═══════════════
TOXIC │HEMORRHAGE INTO RECTUS │ TOXIC │ TOXIC
DEGENERATION │ │ DEGENERATION │ DEGENERATION
───────────────┼───────────────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
745 on 10th day│745 both on 10th day │756 on 8th day│756 on 8th day
749 on 4th │752 both on 13th │770 on 11th │792 on 6th
752 on 13th │756 both on 8th │ │
756 on 8th │764 both on 9th │ │
757 on 6th │765 both on 9th │ │
762 on 10th │778 both on 23d │ │
763 on 11th │————————————————— │ │
764 on 9th │ RUPTURE OF │ │
765 on 9th │ RECTUS │ │
767 on 10th │ │ │
770 on 11th │745 right on 10th day │ │
778 on 23d │756 both on 8th day │ │
783 on 8th │778 right on 23d day │ │
791 on 6th │ │ │
───────────────┴───────────────────────┴───────────────┴───────────────
We have convinced ourselves that the marked hemorrhage taking place in
the muscle tissue follows upon a primary degeneration of this tissue and
its spontaneous rupture. The amount of hemorrhage is in proportion to
the degeneration and fracture of the muscle elements. The hemorrhage
does not precede the muscular change, nor does it have any antecedent
relation to the actual tearing of the muscle fibers.
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