Studies on Epidemic Influenza: Comprising Clinical and Laboratory InvestigationsUniversity of Pittsburgh. School of Medicine
History
Studies on Epidemic Influenza: Comprising Clinical and Laboratory Investigations
University of Pittsburgh. School of Medicine
Influenza; Influenza Epidemic, 1918-1919
The following table indicates the leucocyte count for our series,
comprising the epidemic in all of its phases. There are a few general
points which appear striking that we may refer to at this time, and
leave until later the discussion of the minor details. One-third of the
counts, including, as they do, many cases of pneumonia, showed a
leucopenia, while 70 per cent. of the total number fell under 10,000.
This last group contains more pneumonias and other complications than
simple influenza. But 5 per cent. of the cases counted showed more than
20,000. All of these undoubtedly had pneumonia or some other
complication. Comparing this finding with our experience in the past
before the epidemic with the pneumococcic lobar pneumonia, one sees at
once that, as far as this type of clinical observation is concerned, the
two pneumonias are totally different. The writer remembers but one case
of lobar pneumonia which showed a persistent white count falling below
10,000. Certainly in this community lobar pneumonia and low leucocyte
counts were unusual combinations until the present epidemic. Further,
the evident depression of leucocytosis even where there was an actual
increase is indicated by 95 per cent. of our counts being below 20,000.
This leads us to state that the pneumococcus, although present in
practically all of our pneumonias, produced in only a small percentage
of the bloods we examined its characteristic increase. The toxic factor
of this influenzal epidemic certainly causes a marked change in the
white cells of the blood.
TABLE V
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