Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age, Vol. 1 of 3: I. Prolegomena II. Achæis; or, the Ethnology of the Greek RacesGladstone, W. E. (William Ewart)
History
Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age, Vol. 1 of 3: I. Prolegomena II. Achæis; or, the Ethnology of the Greek Races
Gladstone, W. E. (William Ewart)
Civilization, Homeric; Epic poetry, Greek -- History and criticism; Homer
Homer has proceeded, with respect to the Caucones, exactly in the same
way as with respect to the Pelasgi. In the Iliad he names them[262]
among the Trojan allies, and is wholly silent about them in dealing
with the Greek races. But in the Odyssey, where he had no national
distinctions to keep in view, he names them as a people apparently
Greek, and dwelling on the western side of Greece. The pseudo-Mentor is
going among them on business, to obtain payment of a debt[263]: and the
manner in which they are mentioned, without explanation, shows that the
name must have been familiar to Nestor and the other persons addressed.
Probably therefore they were a neighbouring tribe: certainly a Greek
tribe, for we do not find proof that the Homeric Greeks carried on
commerce except with their own race.
The poet names them with a laudatory epithet: they are the Καύκωνες
μεγάθυμοι. This may remind us of his bounty in the same kind to the
Pelasgians: and it seems as though he had had a reverence for the
remains of the ancient possessors of the country.
We have abundant signs of the Leleges on the Trojan side in the war.
In the Tenth Book they appear as a contingent: but besides this,
Priam had for one of his wives Laothee, daughter of Altes, king of
the Lelegians, who are here called φιλοπτόλεμοι[264]. What is more
important, we find the expressions Λέλεγες καὶ Τρῶες[265] used together
in such a way, as implies the wide extension of the former as a race.
In the Twentieth Iliad, Æneas in speaking of Achilles refers to his
former escape from the great warrior. He fought, says Æneas, under
the auspices of Minerva: who shed light before him, and bid him slay
Lelegians and Trojans,
ἠδ’ ἐκέλευεν
ἔγχεï χαλκείῳ Λέλεγας καὶ Τρῶας ἐναίρειν.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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