Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age, Vol. 1 of 3: I. Prolegomena II. Achæis; or, the Ethnology of the Greek RacesGladstone, W. E. (William Ewart)
History
Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age, Vol. 1 of 3: I. Prolegomena II. Achæis; or, the Ethnology of the Greek Races
Gladstone, W. E. (William Ewart)
Civilization, Homeric; Epic poetry, Greek -- History and criticism; Homer
This tradition, however, is neither in whole nor in part sustained by
Homer, and can by no effort be made to fit into Homer; to say nothing
of its containing within itself much incongruity. If we exclude Xuthus,
as a mere mute, it gives us five persons as the eponymists of five
races, the four last included in the first. But of the five persons
thus placed upon the stage, Homer gives us but one; that one, Æolus,
has no race or tribe, but only two or three lines of descendants
named after him. Again, the two or three children of Æolus in Homer
become five in Hesiod, twelve in Apollodorus, and by additions from
other writers reach a respectable total of seventeen[109]. Thus as
to persons, Homer has indeed an Æolus, but he has no Hellen, no
Dorus, no Ion, no Achæus. Now as to races. He mentions, without doubt,
Hellenes, Achæans, Dorians, Ionians; but affords hardly any means of
identifying Dorians with Hellenes, and as to Ionians, supplies pretty
strong presumptions that they were not Hellenic[110]. Nor does he
establish any relation whatever between any of the four races and any
common ancestor or eponymist. Again, the Deucalion of this legend is
two generations before its Æolus; but the Deucalion of Homer, who may
be reckoned as three generations before the fall of Troy, is also three
generations later than his Æolus. In fact, this legend of Hellen and
his family is like an ugly and flimsy, but formal, modern house, built
by the sacrilegious collection of the fragments of a noble ruin.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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