Submarine Warfare, Past, Present, and FutureFyfe, Herbert C.
History
Submarine Warfare, Past, Present, and Future
Fyfe, Herbert C.
Submarine warfare
“The submerging of the _Narval_ is a rather delicate operation: the
motive power has to be changed, the funnel, &c., have to be drawn in,
sufficient time must be allowed for the unused steam to cool down, and a
much greater quantity of water than in the case of the _Morse_ has to be
introduced into the ballast tank to overcome her buoyancy. Great
progress has been made in these respects since her first trial, and the
operation of submerging has been much accelerated, but it still takes
considerably longer than in the case of the _Morse_. On the present
occasion submergence was effected in a quarter of an hour, and when
submerged the only thing visible above the water is the periscope.”
In May, 1901, the _Narval_ made a voyage from Cherbourg to St. Malo.
The _Figaro_ declared that the trip was completely successful. “The
Minister of Marine had ordered a cruise of forty consecutive hours. The
_Narval_ left Cherbourg at 1 o’clock in the afternoon of May 23rd, in a
very heavy sea, caused by strong north-easterly gale. She returned to
St. Malo on the Saturday at 5 o’clock in the morning. That was the sole
departure from her programme. The _Narval_ had been navigated for 40
hours without stopping, covering 260 miles at an average speed of 6½
knots in a very rough sea. During the trip the _Narval_ remained below
the surface for several hours at a time, and twice recharged her
accumulators. On Sunday she left St. Malo, without taking in fresh
provisions, and made Cherbourg. On her arrival there she made excellent
practice with her four torpedoes. It was proved that the torpedo
mechanism, regulated five days previously, had not been in the least put
out of order by the trial. During the return voyage to Cherbourg the
_Narval_ had an accident to her pump, and was towed for three hours by
the t.b. _Zouave_. The damage was repaired, and the submarine returned
with her own motive power. It has to be pointed out, however, that the
crew suffered greatly from discomfort. When fresh trials are conducted
everything will be done to remedy the defects which have been reported.”
The _Figaro_, in conclusion, protested against the decision of the
Ministry of Marine to build henceforth vessels of 68 tons burden and
with a radius of action of 100 miles only, pointing out that such boats
can only be used for defensive purposes, whereas if the tonnage were
increased the radius of action and the accommodation would also be
increased, and the submarine could be employed offensively. On the other
hand, the _Petit Parisien_ said that the results of the recent trial of
the _Narval_ for 48 hours were not satisfactory. “The navigation of the
vessel on the surface was defective and difficult, and she sustained an
accident, in consequence of which she had to be towed back to port. The
crew were suffering from exhaustion and nausea, the cause of which it is
impossible to explain.”
[Illustration:
THE “NARVAL” IN THE “AWASH” CONDITION.
]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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