Sanitary necessities are never to be rejected, on account of the trouble they give or of the means of cleanliness which they render necessary. Because the saving of life, not the saving of trouble, is the object of all sanitary appliances, Hospitals among the number. And the saving of life is the only real economy. If you have saved “hands” and trouble, and lost life, you have been extravagant. The object is not to banish appliances which will cost trouble in keeping them clean, but to discover those appliances which can be kept clean, at least cost of labour. And this is perfectly possible. [Sidenote: 2. Easy Supervision to be provided for.] 2. The Vincennes modification of the Pavilion plan has been adopted, among other reasons, for the greater facility of supervision it affords. The Military Superior, the Surgeon, the Matron, can at any instant pop in upon any ward of a Hospital which has one roof. Each pavilion may, unless the matter be specially considered with a view to providing this effectual supervision, perceive the approach of any inspector. The system of scouts, watch, alarm, is well understood in many hundred wards, whose patients would be puzzled to give the things names. Military patients will know both things and names. Remember that Ward-Masters, Orderlies, and Nurses require inspection as well as patients. Whatever system of Hospital construction is adopted should provide for easy supervision, at unexpected times. [Sidenote: 3. If from 24–30 Patients be the right Number, Sanitarily speaking, for a Ward, the Pavilion Plan should, in a Military Hospital, be so arranged that more than one such Ward should be on the same floor, for facility of Supervision.] 3. The more we see of different systems, the more we see the great mistake of giving a Nurse too little to do. Twenty-four ordinary sick or surgical cases are too few for a Head Nurse. In a Military Hospital, the proportion of heavy cases is in ordinary times considerably below the average proportion of such cases in a Civil Hospital, open, as the latter is, to accidents, and to the cases of dangerous disease always more or less rife in low and crowded neighbourhoods. Upon an average, a third or a fourth of the cases in the ordinary surgical wards of a Military Hospital will be ulcers from causes honest and dishonest. What these men will require is rest (the cleanliness which is often so irksome a novelty to the corresponding Civilian patient is routine to the soldier), and very simple treatment. It is most important, if possible, to form a staff of active, laborious, useful women, who, if ordered on war-service, can at once cope with numbers, and serve efficiently a considerable number of heavy cases.