"Now bethink the gentleman, How Adam dalf and Eve span." And the German form is:-- "So Adam reutte (reute) and Eva span Wwer was da ein Eddelman (Edelman)?" [FN#209] Plur. of "'Usfúr" = a bird, a sparrow. The etymology is characteristically Oriental and Mediaeval, reminding us of Dan Chaucer's meaning of Cecilia "Heaven's lily" (Súsan) or "Way for the blind" (Cæcus) or "Thoughts of Holiness" and lia=lasting industry; or, "Heaven and Leos" (people), so that she might be named the people's heaven (The SEcond Nonne's Tale). [FN#210] i.e. "Fír is rebellious." [FN#211] Both of which, I may note, are not things but states, modes or conditions of things. See. vol. ix. 78. [FN#212] "Salát" = the formal ceremonious prayer. I have noticed (vol. iv. 60) the sundry technical meanings of the term Salát, from Allah=Mercy; from Angel-kind=intercession and pardon, and from mankind=a blessing. [FN#213] Possibly "A prayer of Moses, the man of God," the title of the highly apocryphal Psalm xc. [FN#214] Arab. "Libás" = clothes in general. [FN#215] In text "Zafar" = victory. It may also be "Zifr"=alluding to the horny matter which, according to Moslem tradition, covered the bodies of "our first parents" and of which after the "original sin" nothing remained but the nails of their fingers and toes. It was only when this disappeared that they became conscious of their nudity. So says M. Houdas; but I prefer to consider the word as Zafar=plaited hair. [FN#216] According to Al-Mas'udi (i. 86, quoting Koran xxi. 52), Abraham had already received of Allah spiritual direction or divine grace ("Rushdu 'llah" or "Al-Hudà") which made him sinless. In this opinoin of the Imamship, says my friend Prof. A. Sprenger, the historian is more fatalistic than most Sunnis. [FN#217] Modern Moslems are all agreed in making Ishmael and not Issac the hero of this history: see my Pilgrimage (vol. iii. 306). But it was not always so. Al-Mas'udi (vol. ii. 146) quotes the lines of a Persian poet in A.H. 290 (=A.D. 902) which expressly say "Is'háku kána'l-Zabíh" = Isaac was the victim, and the historian refers to this in sundry places. Yet the general idea is that Ishmael succeeded his father (as eldest son) and was succeeded by Isaac; and hence the bitter family feud between the Eastern Jews and the ARab Gentiles. [FN#218] In text "Tajui"=lit. thou pluckest (the fruit of good deeds). M. Houdas translates Tu recueilles, mot à mot tu citeilles. [FN#219] See note at the end of this tale. [FN#220] Amongst the Jews the Temple of Jerusalem was a facsimile of the original built by Jehovah in the lowest heaven or that of the Moon. For the same idea (doubtless a derivation from the Talmud) amongst the Moslems concerning the heavenly Ka'abah called Bayt al-Ma'mur (the Populated House) see my Pilgrimage iii. 186, et seq. [FN#221] i.e. there is an end of the matter. [FN#222] In text "Massa-hu'l Fakr"=poverty touched him.