Many of the names apparently from animals are also to be otherwise
explained. A few of the nobler animals, as the bear, the wolf, and the
boar, are to be found in the names of men throughout the Teutonic
system. The lion also and the horse occur, though by no means so
commonly. The _urus_, or wild ox, appears to have contributed a few
names, of which our _Ure_ may be one. I have met with the fox in one
single instance, that of a Northman, Füks, on a runic inscription quoted
by Stevens, though it is rather probable that Foxes beorh, "Fox's
barrow" (Kemble, _Cod. Dip._), may also be from the name of a man. Among
birds, the eagle, the raven, and the swan were common throughout the
Teutonic system, the last, among the Germans, more especially in the
names of women. To account for this, Weinhold observes that along with
the beauty of the swan was contained a warlike sense derived from the
swan plumage of the maids of Odin. But among the Danes and the Saxon
sea-rovers Swan seems to have been common as a man's name, and in this
case the idea was more probably that of the way in which the swan rides
the waters as the ideal of a rover's life. The eagle, the raven, the
swan, the hawk, and the finch seem to be found in the Earningas, the
Ræfningas, the Suaningas, the Haucingas, and the Fincingas, among our
early settlers, though the two last do not seem to occur in the Teutonic
system generally. I doubt all names that appear to be from fishes, and,
with one notable exception, all names that appear to be from reptiles or
insects. That exception is the snake, which was in special favour for
the names of men among the Danes and Northmen, there being no fewer than
twenty-four men called Ormr (worm or snake) in the _Landnamabôk_ of
Iceland. Hence the name _Orme_, rather common among us, and the Saxon
form _Worm_, not by any means common. Among the Germans the snake was,
according to Weinhold, who looks upon it as the type of fascination and
insinuation, in especial favour for the names of women. The two
principal words in use among them were _lind_ (O.H.G. _lint_, snake) and
_ling_ (O.N. _lingvi_, serpent). Hence may be our _Lind_ and _Lindo_,
corresponding with an O.G. Linto; and _Ling_ and _Lingo_, corresponding
with an O.G. Lingo, and an O.N. Lingi. But both of these derivations are
somewhat uncertain, and especially the former, for I venture to think
that _lind_, gentle, is at least as appropriate for women as _lind_,
snake. To come then to the names which I take to be otherwise explained.
CAMEL, LEOPARD, BUCK, PIGG, RABBIT, CAT, RAT, MOUSE, SQUIRRELL. GOOSE,
GOSLING, GANDER, DUCK, DUCKLING, OSTRICH, LARK, WREN. FISH, SHARK,
DOLPHIN, SALMON, TROUT, WHITING, SMELT, HADDOCK, HERRING, TUNNY, SPRATT,
MINNOW, LAMPREY. MOTH, MOTE, FLY, FLEA, EARWIG, EMMETT.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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