Another peculiarity of the Frankish dialect was the change of _hl_ at the beginning of a name into _cl_ or _chl_, and _hr_ into _cr_ or _chr_. Hence the names of the Frankish kings Clothar, Chlodomir, and Clodowich, for Hlothar, Hlodomir, and Hlodowich. Of this form there appear to be considerable traces in Anglo-Saxon times; there are three names in Kemble's list of early settlers which may find a place here, the Crangas, the Cramlingas, and the Crucgingas. The name Crangas, as it stands, is difficult to deal with, and I should suppose it to be properly either Cringas or Craningas--in the former case from _hring_, circle, perhaps in the sense of shield--in the latter from _chrann_, as a Frankish form of _raban_ or raven, Cf. Chrannus in the genealogy of the Merovingian kings. Cramlingas again compares with a Frankish name Chramlin from the same stem, while Crucgingas seems to be a Frankish form of Rucingas, also on Kemble's list. The first group of names, Claude, Cloud, &c., are referred to O.H.G. _laut_, loud, in the supposed sense of famous. _Clod_ for _hlod_, fame. A.S. Clodd (found in Cloddes heal), Clott (found in Clottismôr), Clud (found in Cludesleah)[48]--Frnk. Chlodio, Cludio, 5th cent.--Eng. Claude, Cloade, Clodd, Cloud, Clout. _Compounds._ (_Gis_ or _kis_, hostage), O.G. Hludokis--Eng. Clukas (for Cludkis?). (_Hari_, warrior), Frnk. Clothar, Chluthar--Eng. Clothier, Clutter. (_Man_, vir), Eng. Cloudman, Cloutman (for which no ancient equivalents as yet turn up.) The next group, Croad, Crowd, &c., may be referred to _hrod_, glory, the stem from which are formed Robert, Roland, Roger, &c. _Crod_ for _hrod_. A.S. Cruda, found in Crudan sceat--Frnk. Chrodo, Crodio--Eng. Croad, Crowd, Crowdy, Croot, Crout. Ending in _en_, p. 27. Frnk. Chrodin--Eng. Cruden. _Compounds._ (_Har_, warrior), Frnk. Chrodohar--Eng. Crowder. (_Gar_, spear), Frnk. Crodeger--Eng. Croger (=Roger). (_Mar_, famous), A.S. Cruddemor, found in Cruddemores lacu--Frnk. Chrodmar--Eng. Cromar. The next group, Croke, Crock, &c., are from a stem _hroc_, the root-meaning of which seems to be the same as Eng. _croak_, and the idea of which, as in some other stems (see _im_ in voce Emma), may probably be that of strength, fierceness, or huge stature, derived from a harsh and gruff voice. Cf. O.N. _hrokr_, vir fortis et grandis. _Crock_ for _hroc_. A.S. Crucga, found in Crucgingas; Croch, found in Crochestun, now Croxton in Norf.--Frnk. Crocus, Cruccus--Eng. Croke, Crock, Crooke, Crotch, Crutch. _Compounds._ (_Her, heri_, warrior), O.G. Roacheri--Eng. Croker, Crocker. Eng. Crockett might represent a Frankish Crochad or Crochat (_had_, war), not turned up.