There remain yet two distinguished names, _Alfieri_ and _Guarini_. The former may be from the O.G. Alfheri, _alf_, elf, and _heri_, warrior, the sense contained in the former word being perhaps that of occult wisdom. Hence it would correspond with our surnames _Albery_ and _Aubery_, Alfheri and Albheri being convertible Old German names. _Guarini_ may, with somewhat more of certainty, be taken to be from the Old Frankish name Guarin, formed on the principle already referred to on other Old German names, Warin and Warno. Hence our names _Warren_ and _Warne_, and the French _Guérin_. The Wearningas, "sons or descendants of Wearn," are among the early Saxon settlers referred to in Chapter IV., and Warin is found as an early name in the _Liber Vitæ_. There are some other names which may very possibly be of German origin, but the form of which is not sufficiently distinct to make the connection generally intelligible. I conclude this chapter with a suggestion as to the possibly German origin of one who but of late occupied a considerable place in European politics, viz. _Gambetta_. This name is of Italian origin, and I venture to think may be one of those given to Italy by the Germans, and perhaps most probably by the Lombards. There was a Gambad who ruled over Ticino in the ancient duchy of Milan, and was subsequently driven out by Pertharit, who thereupon became the ruler of the whole of Lombardy. Gambad seems to be probably a Lombard form of Ganbad (_gan_, magic, or fascination, and _bad_, war), or it might be of Gandbad (_gand_, wolf), both ancient German stems. This name Gambad would in French take the form of Gambette,[53] and in Italian of Gambetta. It would be curious if this name were one left behind by the Lombards (or possibly even the Franks) in their invasion of Italy, and restored to France to rouse her to a gallant though unavailing attempt to stem the tide of another German invasion. And very suitable too would be the name, in the sense of magic or fascination, to one whose energy and eloquence acted as such a potent spell to revive the drooping courage of his countrymen. FOOTNOTES: [50] When there are two Old German names, the former is that which is found in a form most nearly corresponding with the Italian, the latter is that which may be taken to be the most correct form. [51] Names of a similar kind are the O.G. Gervid, our _Garwood_, signifying "spear-wood." Also the O.G. Asquid, whence the Ascuit in _Domesday_, and our present names _Asqwith_ and _Ashwith_, signifying "ash-wood," of which spears used to be made. [52] Diez takes it to be a contraction of Adalgar. [53] As in the French names _Gerbet_ and _Herbette_, representing the Old Frankish names Gerbad and Herbad. CHAPTER IX. VARIOUS UNENUMERATED STEMS. In the present chapter I propose to include a few stems which were not taken into account in my previous work, or respecting which I may have something more to say.