Alexander II cr. Wm. Freskyn earl of Sutherland; punished burners of Bishop Adam; confiscated half Caithness; grant of earldom of south Caithness to Magnus, earl of Angus; Magnus II, or Malcolm witness to charter; succession to throne; revolt of Donald Ban MacWilliam; Argyll conquered; Caithness subdued (1222); rebellions in Moray and Galloway; embassy to Norway; open letter for Scone; died. Alexander III; m. Margaret, dau. of Henry III; his only child, Margaret; embassy to Norway; conquered Isle of Man and Hebrides. Altyre, Standing Stane of Duffus removed to. America, Norsemen discovered; heard of by Jean Cabot in Iceland. Amlaiph (Olaf) Craig. Anderson, Alan O.; _Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers_. Anderson, Joseph, 11; O.S. trans.; _Scotland in Pagan Times_, q.v.; _Scotland in Early Christian Times_, q.v. Andres Nicholas' son. Andres, son of Sweyn. Andrew, Bishop of Caithness, had grant of Hoctor Common; Culdean monk; abbot of Dunkeld; died at Dunfermline; a witness. Andrews, St., bishopric founded; Roger, bishop of. Anglo-Normandes, Chroniques, (F. Michel). Angus, earls of (see also under names), Gillebride; Adam, son of Gillebride; Gilchrist, son of Gillebride, and father of Magnus II, earl of Orkney and Caith., Duncan, son of Gilchrist; Malcolm, earl of Caithness and Angus; Matilda, countess of, dau. of Malcolm; Gilbert d'Umphraville, earl of A., husband of Matilda, Gilbert d'Umphraville, son of Matilda. Pedigree. Angus, son of Gillebride, earl of Angus. Anlaf, or Olaf, earl in C. Applecross, in Ross, lay abbots. Archibald, bishop of Moray. Ardovyr (Gael., upper water), identified as Loch Coire and Mallard River, i.e., "Abhain 'a Mhail Aird" of Ord. Map, part of Johanna's estate in Strathnaver. Argyll; St. Columba landed from Ulster; Scots king; Dalriadic territory; known as Airergaithel; Galgaels; Somerled of; conquered by king Alexr. Arnfinn Thorfinnson, earl, m. Ragnhild, Eric's dau. Arnkell Torf-Einarson, earl, slain in England. Artildol. Asgrim's Ergin, now Assary. Asleif, mother of Sweyn. Asleifarvik (now Old-shore, also called Port Droman). Assynt; included in Creich (q.v.); Store Point. Athelstan. Atholl (Atjokl); Ath-Fodla, a Pictish province; Picts absorbed by Scots; earls of; Sweyn Asleifarson visits; earl Paul died; bishop John. Atholl, earls of; Maddad, m. Margret dau. of Hakon; earl of A., in 1236, burned to death; earls descended from Freskyn. Aud the deeply wise, in Caith., settled in Iceland. Audhild, dau. of Thorleif, mistress of Sigurd Slembi-diakn; m. Eric Streita; her son, Eric Stagbrellir; Johanna of Strathnaver, a connection. Audna, or Edna, dau. of Kiarval, m. Hlodver, jarl.