[4] Lewenhaupt is a German translation of the old Swedish family name of Leijonhufvud, and carried by a branch whose members held the dignity of counts. Almost similar is the derivation of Von Rosen from Tre Rosor, etc. During the Period of Political Grandeur, and later, it was a habit of certain branches of the old Swedish nobility to translate or Germanize their names in this way. The burghers and clergymen followed the custom when being ennobled, Archaic spelling was preserved, or adopted, in most cases. [5] The ecclesiastic department is also the department of education. [6] A. C. Nathorst, an able scientist and explorer, started in the summer of 1899 with an expedition to Greenland in search of Andrée and his companions. INDEX A Abelin, G. R., 408-410. Abo, 89, 122, 171, 172, 186, 232, 313, 370; peace treaty (in 1743), 316, 317. University of Abo (see Universities). Absolutism, Absolute Monarchy, 255-258, 260, 268, 293, 298, 300-301, 302, 308, 309, 310, 314, 344, 349, 350, 357. Academic style, 339. Academy, of Antiquities, 235; of Art, 346; of Science, 336-337, 340, 346; Swedish, 346, 355; French, 428; Military, 355. Adalvard, 68; the Younger, 68. Adam of Bremen, 63. Adlerbeth, G. G., 345, 350. Adlercreutz, C. J., 358, 360-361, 362, 367; A. G., 409. Adlersparre, George, 362. Admiral, 189; State, 250. Adolphus Frederic of Sweden, 303, 316, 317-320, 339. Adolphus John, Duke, 249. Adrianople, 297-298. Africa, 232. Aftonbladet, 377, 403. Agardh, J. G., 423. Agne, 36. Agnefit, 36. Agriculture. See Sweden. Ahlborn, Lea, 430. Ahlstrœmer, John, 317, 321, 334-337. Akerhielm, A. L. N., 435. Akkershus, district of, 248, 307; fortress of, 307. Aland archipelago, 171, 388; peace deliberations at, 306. Albrecht the Elder, duke of Mecklenburg, 95; the Younger, king of Sweden, 95, 96-97, 100, 102, 103. Alemannians, 29. Alexander I. of Russia, 357-358, 370. Alexandra, princess of Russia, 355-356. Alexandria, 27. Alf, 36. Alfred the Great, 43. Alingsos, 217, 334-337. Alliance, 187, 189, 202, 206, 225, 259, 273, 283, 296, 315, 319, 344, 352, 357, 370, 388, 404; Triple, 252. Alliterative prose, 66; verse, 61, 66. Almlœf, N. V., 390; Knut, 432. Almquist, C. J. L., 388-389. Alnsnœ, meeting at, 86. Alof, 38. Alps, 21. Alrek, 36. Altmark, armistice of, 203. Altona, 295. Alt-Ranstædt, 279-281; peace treaty signed at, 281, 290. Alvastra, 74, 77. Ambassadors, 254, 269, 272, 305, 358, 368. Amber, 17, 24. America, 232, 324, 332, 351, 432, 436; South America, 378. American Union of Swedish Singers, 436. Amsterdam, 323, 326. Anastasius, 28. Anatomy, 262, 325; hall of, 262-263. Anckarstrœm, J. J., 352. Anckarsverd, C. H., 362, 377, 379. Anderberg, A. F., 431. Andreæ, Laurentius, 141, 150. Andrée, S. A., 424. Ane, or Aune, King, 37. Angermanland, 5.