percolations and strainers, and by mixtures, as it were of divine chymistry, various concoctions, &c. the sap should be so green on the indented leaves, so lustily esculent for our hardier and rustick constitutions in the fruit; so flat and pallid in the atramental galls; and haply, so prognostick in the apple; so suberous in the bark (for even the cork-tree is but a courser oak) so oozie in the tanners pit; and in that subduction so wonderfully specifick in corroborating the entrails, and bladder, reins, loins, back, &c. which are all but the gifts and qualities, with many more, that these robust sons of the earth afford us; and that in other specifics, even the most despicable and vulgar elder imparts to us in its rind, leaves, buds, blossoms, berries, ears, pith, bark, &c. Which hint may also carry our remarks upon all the varieties of shape, leaf, seed, fruit, timber, grain, colour, and all those other forms {62:1} that philosophers have enumerated; but which were here too many for us to repeat. In a word, so great and universal is the benefit and use of this poly-crest, that they have prohibited the transporting it out of Norway, where there grows abundance. Let us end with the poet: When ships for bloody combat we prepare, Oak affords plank, and arms our men of war; Maintains our fires, makes ploughs to till the ground, For use no timber like the oak is found.{62:2} FOOTNOTES: {31:1} _Saturn._ lib. II. cap. 16. {35:1} (Cærula distinguens inter plaga currere posset Per tumulos, & convalles, camposque profusa: Ut nunc esse vides vario distincta lepôre Omnia, que pomis intersita dulcibus ornant Arbustisque tenent felicibus obsita circum). _Lucret. l. 5._ {37:1} See what Vossius has written in his Observations on Catullus, p. 204. _Indomitus turbo contorquens flamine_...... {39:1} .....Aurea duræ Mala ferant quercus. _Ecl. 8._ {39:2} Glandemque sues fregere sub Ulmo. _Geor._ {41:1} Which yet some, upon good experience will not allow in transplanting young Oaks; affirming the taking them up without any abatement, or the least wound, does exceedingly advance the growth of this tree above such as are depriv’d of it. {41:2} .......Quæ quantum vertice ad auras Æthereas, tantum radice in Tartara tendit. _Geo._ l. 2. {42:1} Quinetiam Cœli regionem in cortice signant, Ut quo quæque modo steterit, quâ parte calores Austrinos tulerit, quæ terga obverterit axi, Restituant: Adeo in teneris consuescere multum est. _Geor._ li. 1. {52:1} Quatuor ex lignis domini crux dicitur esse, &c. Pes crucis est cedrus, corpus tenet alta cupressus; Palma manus retinet, titulo lætatur oliva. {54:1} And therefore were joyners called intestinary. See Leg. 2. _Cod. Theodos._ {57:1} .........Et quernâ glande repasta Æquâsse annosas vivendo corpora Quercus. {58:1}