Whatever possibility may become a reality, France seems destined to go through a series of more or less serious struggles. Hampered by the elements which hark back to the past and which have not yet lost all importance, disorganized by the revolutionists who look forward to the future for the realization of their ideal, the Republic of France is still lacking the stability which could save her from upheavals and from historical surprises. The highly centralized form of government and the dominating position which Paris still holds in the life of France make such surprises easier and more tempting than would otherwise be the case. The process of social readjustment which is going on all over the world at present, therefore, must lead in France to a more or less catastrophic collision of the discordant elements which her political and economic history have brought into existence. The struggle has already begun. The government of the Republic is determined to put an end to the revolutionary activities of the syndicalists. It is urged on by all those who believe that only the weakness of the Government has been the cause of the strength of the Syndicalists. On the other hand, the Syndicalists are determined to fight their battle to the end. What the outcome may be is hidden in the mystery of the future. _Qui vivra--verra_. BIBLIOGRAPHY _Action Directe_. Revue Révolutionnaire Syndicaliste. Paris, July, 1903-August, 1904. _Annuaire Statistique_. Ministère du Travail et de la Prévoyance Sociale. Paris. Antonelli, E. _La démocratie sociale devant les idées présentes_. Paris, 1911. _Associations professionnelles ouvrières_; office du Travail. Paris, 1899-1904. Barberet, J. _Monographies professionnelles_. 4 vols. Paris, 1886. _Bataille Syndicaliste_. Daily. Berth, Edouard. _Les nouveaux aspects du socialisme_. Paris, 1908. Blum, Leon. _Les congrès ouvriers et socialistes français_. Paris, 1901. Bouglé, E. _Syndicalisme et démocratie_. Paris, 1908. Bourdeau, J. _Entre deux servitudes_. Paris, 1910. Bourgin, H. _Le socialisme et la concentration industrielle_. Paris, 1911. Boyle, James. _Minimum Wage and Syndicalism_. Cincinnati, 1913. Bracq, J. Ch. _France under the Republic_. New York, 1910. Brants, Victor. _La petite industrie contemporaine_. Paris, 1902. Breton, J. L. _L'Unité Socialiste_. Vol. 7 of Histoire des partis socialistes, ed. by Zévaès. Paris, 1912. Brooks, John Graham. _American Syndicalism_. New York, 1913. Buisson, Etienne. _La grève générale_. Paris, 1905. Chaboseau, A. _De Babeuf à la Commune_. Volume 1 of Histoire des partis socialistes, edited by Zévaès. Challaye, Félicien. _Syndicalisme révolutionnaire et syndicalisme réformiste_. Paris, 1909. Chambre des Députés, Débats Parlementaires. Charnay, Maurice. _Les Allemanistes_. Vol. 5 of Histoire des partis socialistes, edited by Zévaès. Clay, Sir Arthur. _Syndicalism and Labor_. London, 1912. Cole, G. D. H. _The World of Labor_. London, 1913.