The value of urea resins as adhesives has been known for many years and one of the first patents issued for such use was United States Patent No. 1,355,834 granted in 1920. Commercial development and application, however, did not take place until the last 2 years. Several brands of urea adhesives are now on the market. These meet the need for a hot-press adhesive which is applied in liquid form, cures rapidly at moderate temperatures, and is economical. For greater economy, the urea adhesive may be mixed with various proportions of flour (up to 50 percent) without affecting its water resistance. Diluted thus it comes within the cost range of animal and vegetable glues and is more durable. At present, it sells for 18 to 20 cents per pound; mixing it with 50 percent flour gives an adhesive for plywood, costing about 10 cents per pound. In 1937 three producers made urea resins for this use. Other uses are in the treatment of textiles to obtain crease-proof properties and in the impregnation of wood. United States Patent No. 1,951,994 issued on March 20, 1934, reports the preparation of artificial silk from urea resins. Production in the United States. Commercial production of urea resins in the United States was reported for the first time in 1929. Early in that year the American Cyanamid Co. concluded an arrangement with the British Cyanides Co. of England for the American rights to manufacture and sell in the United States a resin made from urea, thiourea, and formaldehyde and marketed as Beetle molding powder. A manufacturing unit was built at Bound Brook, N. J., and in 1930 the output was substantial. In 1931 another producer, the Toledo Synthetic Products Co., began manufacture of urea resins. Several years prior to that time the Toledo Scale Co. started a search for a material light in weight to replace the heavy porcelain-on-steel used in cases for scales. The search led to the urea resins and to commercial production by their subsidiary. In 1935 the Toledo Synthetic Products Company reached an agreement with the Imperial Chemical Industries of England for the interchange of technical and commercial information and of free patent licenses on urea molding and laminating resins. The name of the domestic firm was later changed to the Plaskon Co. In 1932 the Unyte Corporation started commercial production of urea resins at Grasselli, N. J. This firm was affiliated with the American I. G. Corporation. Late in 1936 the Plaskon Co. took over the Unyte Corporation.