It is well to remember that _substance_ does not necessarily imply either _extension_ or _figure_. _Substantia_ is simply that which stands under, underlies, supports, or in other words that which is the _ground_ of phenomena. The propagation of mind therefore does not involve any dividing up, or splitting off, as if the mind were a material mass. Flame is propagated, but not by division and subdivision. Professor Ladd is a creatianist, together with Lotze, whom he quotes, but he repudiates the idea that the mind is susceptible of division; see Ladd, Philosophy of Mind, 206, 359-366—“The mind comes from nowhere, for it never was, as mind, in space, is not now in space, and cannot be conceived of as coming and going in space.... Mind is a growth.... Parents do not transmit their minds to their offspring. The child’s mind does not exist before it acts. Its activities _are_ its existence.” So we might say that flame has no existence before it acts. Yet it may owe its existence to a preceding flame. The Indian proverb is: “No lotus without a stem.” Hall Caine, in his novel The Manxman, tells us that the Deemster of the Isle of Man had two sons. These two sons were as unlike each other as are the inside and the outside of a bowl. But the bowl was old Deemster himself. Hartley Coleridge inherited his father’s imperious desire for stimulants and with it his inability to resist their temptation. (_c_) The observed transmission not merely of physical, but of mental and spiritual, characteristics in families and races, and especially the uniformly evil moral tendencies and dispositions which all men possess from their birth, are proof that in soul, as well as in body, we derive our being from our human ancestry.