With the decline of the influence of chivalry, probably as the result of industrial changes, The Lady was replaced by a feminine ideal which may well be termed the "Model Woman." Although less ethereal than her predecessor, The Lady, the Model Woman is quite as much an attempt to reconcile the dualistic attitude, with its Divine Mother cult on the one hand, and its belief in the essential evil of the procreative process and the uncleanness of woman on the other, to human needs. The characteristics of the Model Woman must approximate those of the Holy Virgin as closely as possible. Her chastity before marriage is imperative. Her calling must be the high art of motherhood. She must be the incarnation of the maternal spirit of womanhood, but her purity must remain unsullied by any trace of erotic passion. A voluminous literature which stated the virtues and duties of the Model Woman blossomed out in the latter part of the eighteenth and first half of the nineteenth century.[43] The Puritan ideals also embodied this concept. It was by this attempt to make woman conform to a standardized ideal that man sought to solve the conflict between his natural human instincts and desires and the early Christian teaching concerning the sex life and womanhood. BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR CHAPTER II 1. Frazer, J.G. The Golden Bough. A Study in Magic and Religion. Part I. The Magic Art. 2 vols. Macmillan. London, 1911. Part V. Spirits of the Corn and of the Wild. 2 vols. London, 1912. 2. Farnell, L.R. Evolution of Religion. 235 pp. Williams and Norgate. London, 1905. Crown Theological Library, Vol 12. 3. Frazer, J.G. Part IV. of The Golden Bough; Adonis, Attis, and Osiris. Chaps. III and IV. Macmillan. London, 1907. ---- Sumner, W.G. Folkways. 692 pp. Ginn & Co. Boston, 1907. Chap. XVI, Sacral Harlotry. ---- Lombroso, Cesare, and Lombroso-Ferrero, G. La donna delinquente. 508 pp. Fratelli Bocca. Milano, 1915. 4. Farnell, L.R. Sociological Hypotheses Concerning the Position of Woman in Ancient Religion. Archiv für Religionswissenschaft. Siebenter Band, 1904. 5. Fowler, W. Warde. The Religious Experiences of the Roman People. 504 pp. Macmillan. London, 1911. 6. For a description of these sibyls with a list of the works in which they are mentioned, see: ---- Fullom, Steven Watson. The History of Woman. Third Ed. London, 1855. ---- Rohmer, Sax. (Ward, A.S.) The Romance of Sorcery. 320 pp. E.P. Dutton & Co., New York, 1914. 7. Maury, L.F. La Magie et L'Astrologie dans l'Antiquité et au Moyen Age. Quatrieme éd. 484 pp. Paris, 1877. 8. Lombroso, Cesare. Priests and Women's Clothes. North American Review. Vol. 192, 1910. 9. For an extensive compilation of facts from ancient literature and history concerning sacred women, see: ---- Alexander, W. History of Women from the Earliest Antiquity to the Present Time. 2 vols. W. Strahan. London, 1779. 10. Mason, Otis T. Woman's Share in Primitive Culture. 295 pp. Appleton. New York, 1894.