[369] In the _Annals_ Tacitus mentions Tiberius' habit of appointing provincial governors without any intention of allowing them to leave Rome. See _Ann._ i. 80, vi. 27. [370] See i. 60. [371] See chap. 43. [372] See i. 59, 64, ii. 27. [373] _Augusta Taurinorum_. [374] Little St. Bernard. [375] See i. 65. The legions there might make common cause with them. [376] They had suffered once already (see i. 65, 66). [377] This meant about L200 to every man who had done sixteen years' service. [378] i.e. the Eleventh to Dalmatia, the Seventh to Pannonia. [379] Literally, enjoy dinner-parties beginning at an early hour, i.e. before two o'clock. This was considered 'fast'. [380] The word here used by Tacitus, _pervigilia_, properly denotes all-night religious festivals. But--like Irish wakes--such festivals tended to deteriorate, and the word acquired a sinister sense. [381] See i. 6 and 8. [382] Because they had seized one of Verginius' slaves, as described in the last chapter. [383] The revolt of Civilis described in Book IV. His force included Roman legionaries as well as Batavians, Gauls, and Germans. [384] The word 'rex' had still an 'unroman' sound. [385] Cremona was sacked and burnt in the following October (cp. iii. 32 f.). [386] Literally, the tribunes of the legions and the prefects of the auxiliaries. [387] A friend told Plutarch that he had seen on this battle-field a pile of corpses so high that they reached the pediment of an ancient temple which stood there. [388] Suetonius attributes to him the remark, 'A dead enemy smells good, a dead Roman better.' [389] Their names are given i. 77. [390] Dio tells us that he and his father were murdered by Nero's slave Helios. He was probably related to M. Licinius Crassus Frugi, who was convicted of treason against Nero (see note 79), and to Piso, Galba's adopted successor. THE REVOLT OF VESPASIAN When once his couriers brought news from Syria and Judaea that the 73 East had sworn allegiance to him, Vitellius' vanity and indolence reached a pitch which is almost incredible. For already, though the rumours were still vague and unreliable, Vespasian's name was in everybody's mouth, and the mention of him often roused Vitellius to alarm. Still, he and his army seemed to reck of no rival: they at once broke out into the unbridled cruelty, debauchery and oppression of some outlandish court.