[442] Cp. i. 37, 49. [443] About nine million pounds. Not to be taken too literally. [444] Valens. [445] Governor of Moesia (see chap. 85). [446] See chap. 67. [447] He had been left to guard the Rhine. [448] See chap. 57. The revolt of Civilis was soon to break out. [449] See chap. 65. [450] Cluvius Rufus was governing the Tarragona division from Rome (chap. 65). Lusitania was under a praetorian legate. Baetica was a senatorial province with no troops. [451] See i. 7 and 11. [452] He had succeeded Clodius Macer in command of the Third Augusta, and in virtue of that command governed Numidia (see i. 7). [453] These 'annual' winds blew steadily and gently from July 20 for a month. [454] Vespasian's brother. [455] In Lower Germany. [456] Only two legions went to Cremona (see iii. 14). [457] Ostiglia. [458] Padua. [459] e.g. Cluvius Rufus (cp. i. 8), the elder Pliny (cp. iii. 28), and Vipstanus Messala (cp. iii, 9, 25, 28). [460] i.e. at Hostilia, coming back from Padua. Oxford: Horace Hart, Printer to the University * * * * * TACITUS THE HISTORIES TRANSLATED WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES BY W. HAMILTON FYFE FELLOW OF MERTON COLLEGE IN TWO VOLUMES VOLUME II OXFORD AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1912 HENRY FROWDE PUBLISHER TO THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD LONDON, EDINBURGH, NEW YORK TORONTO AND MELBOURNE SUMMARY OF CHIEF EVENTS I. THE FIGHT FOR THE THRONE A.D. 69. _September_ Antonius surprises a Vitellian detachment at Forum Alieni. At Padua the Pannonian legions arrive. He fortifies Verona. The Moesian legions arrive. Caecina holds Cremona with Legs. I Italica and XXI Rapax and cavalry. He encamps with the rest of his force near Hostilia on the Tartaro. Valens dawdles northward with three praetorian cohorts. _October_ The fleet at Ravenna declares for Vespasian. Caecina attempts treachery and is imprisoned by his army, which starts on a forced march to Cremona. Antonius starts from Verona to intercept them. 27. Second Battle of Bedriacum. Legs. I Italica and XXI Rapax sally from Cremona and are driven back by Antonius. The six legions from Hostilia reach Cremona. The united Vitellian army makes a night sally from Cremona and is defeated. 28. Sack of Cremona. Surrender of Vitellian army. _November_ Valens, having reached Ariminum, flies to Monaco, and is captured in the Stoechades Islands. Spain, Gaul, and Britain declare for Vespasian. Antonius advances via Ariminum to Fanum Fortunae. Vitellius holds the Apennines at Mevania with fourteen praetorian cohorts, a new legion of marines, and cavalry.