In March 1887 Mr. Backhouse, of Sunderland, saw an apparently new, yellowish-white star near 103 Piscium, and it was just visible to the naked eye. This proved to be Vesta, though the identity of the object was not known at first, and it formed the subject of two Dun Echt circulars. Formerly, hazy indefinite outlines were attributed to some of the planetoids; but the appearance probably arose from instrumental defects. The search for these bodies is not a work likely to engage amateurs. Professional observers are best able to grapple with the difficulties attending this kind of observation, where large telescopes, means of exact measurement, and ample data, such as star-charts and ephemerides of the planetoids previously discovered, are requisite. The ‘Nautical Almanack’ annually contains ephemerides of Ceres, Pallas, Juno, and Vesta; and observers wishing to pick up any one of them may readily ascertain positions by reference to this work. _Occultation of Vesta._—An occultation of Vesta occurred on Dec. 30, 1871, and it was observed by Mr. C. G. Talmage at Leyton with a 10-inch refractor, power 80. He says the planet was exceedingly bright right up to the Moon’s limb. CHAPTER XI. _JUPITER._ An interesting Object.—Brightness and Position.—Period &c.—Belts and Spots on the Planet.—Observations of Hooke, Cassini, and others.—The “Ellipse” of 1869-70.—The Red Spot, its appearance, dimensions, and rotation-period.—Bright equatoreal Spots.—Dark Spots in N. hemisphere.—Rotation-period.—Nature of the Red Spot and of the bright and dark equatoreal Spots.—New Belts.—Changes on Jupiter.—Further Observations required.—Occultations of Jupiter.—The four Satellites, and their phenomena.—Occultation of a star by Jupiter. “Beyond the sphere of Mars, in distant skies, Revolves the mighty magnitude of Jove, With kingly state, the rival of the Sun.” Of all the planets, Jupiter is the most interesting for study by the amateur. It is true that Saturn forms an exquisite object, and that his wonderful ring-system is well calculated to incite admiration as a feature unique in the solar system. But when the two planets come to be repeatedly observed, and the charm of first impressions has worn away, the observer must admit that Jupiter, with his broad disk and constantly changing markings, affords the materials for prolonged study and sustained interest. With Saturn the case is different. His features are apparently quiescent; usually there are no definite spots upon the belts or rings. There is a _sameness_ in the telescopic views; and this ultimately leads to a feeling of monotony, which causes the object to be neglected in favour of another where active changes are in visible progress.