Since 1852 Biela’s Comet has been lost. The most assiduous observations
have failed to recover it, and the conclusion seems irresistible that
further disintegrations have occurred and that its material has been
dispersed beyond recognition. The great meteoric storms of Nov. 27,
1872 and 1885, were derived from this comet, and there is little reason
to hope that _as a comet_ it will ever be seen again.
_Brorsen’s Comet._—A small comet was discovered in Pisces by Theodor
Brorsen, at Kiel, on the evening of Feb. 26, 1846, Its observed path
soon gave traces of an elliptical orbit; and the period was found to be
about 5·58 years. The comet was re-observed at its return to perihelion
in 1857, 1868, 1873, and 1879; but in 1884 it was looked for in vain.
This comet was expected in February 1890, and several observers swept
for it diligently, but to no purpose. Are we, therefore, to regard
this as another lost member of our system? Has the comet of Brorsen,
like that of Biela, suffered dispersion in such degree as to be no
longer within the reach of our powerful telescopes? Should negative
results again attend observers in 1895, when the comet ought to return,
there will be no reason to doubt its actual disappearance. It may be
mentioned that owing to planetary perturbations, the period of this
body has rapidly become shorter since 1846. It was then 2034 days, but
in 1879 was reduced to 1995 days.
_Faye’s Comet._—First seen at the Paris Observatory on the night of
Nov. 22, 1843, when it was near the star Bellatrix in Orion. The
observations clearly proved the comet to be moving in an elliptical
path, and Dr. Goldschmidt of Göttingen determined its period as 7½
years. It was re-observed in 1851, and also during each of its five
subsequent returns, the last of which occurred in August 1888. The
orbit of this body approaches nearer to the circular form than that of
any other known comet, except Tempel’s of 1867. Its perihelion distance
is considerable, for it never comes within the orbit of Mars. Prof.
Möller, of Lund, has investigated the path with all the critical acumen
of a profound mathematician, and, chiefly owing to his labours, it is
now regarded as one of the best known members of our system.
_D’Arrest’s Comet._—Discovered at the Leipsic Observatory on June
27, 1851. M. Villarceau discussed the orbit, and announced it as an
elliptic one with a periodic time of about 6½ years. The comet was
redetected at its return in 1857-8, 1870, 1877, and 1890. It is a very
faint object.
_Pons-Winnecke’s Comet._—Discovered at Bonn on March 8, 1858, and on
the elements being computed they were found nearly coincident with
those of Pons’s Comet, 1819 III. Encke had assigned a period of 5·62
years for the latter, but it managed to escape observation during the
six returns that occurred in the 39 years between 1819 and 1858. Its
identity was fully established in 1869, when it was again observed.
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