Future observers should note the different forms of telescopic meteors.
Safarik has divided them into four classes, viz.:—(1) Well-defined
star-like objects of very small size; (2) Large luminous bodies of
some minutes of arc in diameter; (3) Well-defined disks of a very
perceptible diameter brighter at the border than at the centre, which
gives them the aspect of hollow transparent shells; and (4) faint
diffused masses of irregular shape, considerable size, and different
colours. He has seen hundreds of meteors of every magnitude from the
2nd down to the 12th pass through the field of his 6½-inch reflector
(ordinary power 32, field 54′). On Aug. 30, 1880, 9^h to 15^h he
observed between 50 and 100 telescopic meteors, and many others were
seen on the following night. Whenever a shower of these bodies, such
as that witnessed by Brooks on Nov. 28, 1883, occurs, observers should
notice whether the objects participate in a common direction of motion;
because, if so, the radiant-point will admit of determination. The
horary rate of their apparition ought also to be ascertained. Those
who habitually search for comets should invariably make a note of
telescopic meteors, as such records would aid inquiries into the
relative frequency of these phenomena.
_Meteor Showers._—The following short list includes the principal
displays of the year:—
+———————————————-+——————————————-+————————+——————————————-+——————————+
| Name of | Duration. |Date of | Radiant- | Sun’s |
| Shower. | | Max. | Point. |Longitude.|
+———————————————-+——————————————-+————————+——————————————-+——————————+
| | | | α δ | |
| | | | ° ° | ° |
|Quadrantids |Dec. 28-Jan. 4 |Jan. 2 | 229·8 +52·5 | 281·6 |
|Lyrids |April 16-22 |April 20| 269·7 +32·5 | 31·3 |
|η Aquarids |April 30-May 6 |May 6 | 337·6 - 2·1 | 46·3 |
|δ Aquarids |July 23-Aug. 25|July 28 | 339·4 -11·6 | 125·6 |
|Perseids |July 8-Aug. 22 |Aug. 10 | 45·9 +56·9 | 138·5 |
|Orionids |Oct. 9-29 |Oct. 18 | 92·1 +15·5 | 205·9 |
|Leonids |Nov. 9-17 |Nov. 13 | 150·0 +22·9 | 231·5 |
|Andromedes |Nov. 25-30 |Nov. 27 | 25·3 +43·8 | 245·8 |
|Geminids |Dec. 1-14 |Dec. 10 | 108·1 +32·6 | 259·5 |
+———————————————-+——————————————-+————————+——————————————-+——————————+
_Notes._
_Quadrantids._ Heis was the first to determine this radiant accurately.
It was subsequently observed by Masters and Prof. Herschel (1863-4).
The radiant is circumpolar in this latitude, but low down during the
greater part of the night, hence the display is usually seen to the
best advantage on the morning of Jan. 2.
_Lyrids._ Attention was first drawn to the April meteors by Herrick in
the United States. Active displays occurred in 1863 and 1884.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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