Communism -- Soviet Union; Soviet Union -- History -- Revolution, 1917-1921
The Mensheviki delivered a final ultimatum, demanding that all
Ministers and _yunkers_ be released, that all newspapers be allowed
full freedom, that the Red Guard be disarmed and the garrison put under
command of the Duma. To this Smolny answered that all the Socialist
Ministers and also all but a very few _yunkers_ had been already set
free, that all newspapers were free except the bourgeois press, and
that the Soviet would remain in command of the armed forces…. On the
19th the Conference to Form a New Government disbanded, and the
opposition one by one slipped away to Moghilev, where, under the wing
of the General Staff, they continued to form Government after
Government, until the end….
[Graphic, page 276: Meeting announcement]
Announcement, posted on the walls of Petrograd, of the result of a
meeting of representatives of the garrison regiments, called to
consider the question of forming a new Government. For translation see
App. XI, Sect. 6.
Meanwhile the Bolsheviki had been undermining the power of the
_Vikzhel._ An appeal of the Petrograd Soviet to all railway workers
called upon them to force the _Vikzhel_ to surrender its powers. On the
15th, the _Tsay-ee-kah,_ following its procedure toward the peasants,
called an All-Russian Congress of Railway Workers for December 1st; the
_Vikzhel_ immediately called its own Congress for two weeks later. On
November 16th, the _Vikzhel_ members took their seats in the
_Tsay-ee-kah._ On the night of December 2d, at the opening session of
the All-Russian Congress of Railway Workers, the _Tsay-ee-kah_ formally
offered the post of Commissar of Ways and Communications to the
_Vikzhel_—which accepted….
Having settled the question of power, the Bolsheviki turned their
attention to problems of practical administration. First of all the
city, the country, the Army must be fed. Bands of sailors and Red
Guards scoured the warehouses, the railway terminals, even the barges
in the canals, unearthing and confiscating thousands of _poods_ of food
held by private speculators. Emissaries were sent to the provinces,
where with the assistance of the Land Committees they seized the
store-houses of the great grain-dealers. Expeditions of sailors,
heavily armed, were sent out in groups of five thousand, to the South,
to Siberia, with roving commissions to capture cities still held by the
White Guards, establish order, and _get food._ Passenger traffic on the
Trans-Siberian Railroad was suspended for two weeks, while thirteen
trains, loaded with bolts of cloth and bars of iron assembled by the
Factory-Shop Committees, were sent out eastward, each in charge of a
Commissar, to barter with the Siberian peasants for grain and
potatoes….
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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