Pinsker died before the days of what is now called “spiritual nationalism,” the view which denies the need for a distinct national territory, believing it possible that sooner or later we shall obtain equal rights in the lands of our dispersion as _a nation_: that is, shall be allowed to carry on our distinctive _national_ life in these lands, just as we have already obtained equal rights, _as citizens_, in many countries: that is, have been allowed to take part in social and political life like the other inhabitants. But Pinsker lays the foundation for this view, by demanding—for the first time—_national_ equality, and substituting the formula of spiritual nationalism: “the same rights for the Jewish _nation_ as for the other _nations_” (“die Gleichstellung der jüdischen Nation mit den anderen Nationen”—_Autoemancipation_, p. 7 [11]) for the older formula of the protagonists of emancipation: “the same rights for Jews as for the other citizens.” It is, however, fundamental to Pinsker’s view that national equality is unattainable so long as we lack the concrete attributes of nationality. A nation which is a nation only in the spiritual sense is a monstrosity which the other nations cannot possibly regard as their compeer; it follows that they cannot recognise its title to demand the same rights as those enjoyed by the real nations. Footnote 38: _ib._ pp. 7-10 [11-13.] Footnote 39: _ib._ pp. 10-11 [13-14]. Footnote 40: _Judenstaat_, pp. 24-26. Footnote 41: The question, “What will induce the Jews to found their State and to settle in it?” is answered by Herzl quite simply: “We can trust the anti-Semites to see to that.” (_Judenstaat_, p. 59.) Footnote 42: _Autoemancipation_, p. 12 [15]. Footnote 43: _ib._ p. 16 [18]. Footnote 44: _ib._ p. 19 [20]. As the sequel shows, Pinsker’s criticism is aimed only at those who make the “mission” the moral end of our dispersion. They think that we can fulfil our mission only if we are thoroughly scattered: whereas the fact is precisely the reverse. “So far the world does not regard us as a genuine firm, and allows us little credit.” If, therefore, we really wish to benefit the world by fulfilling a mission, we must first of all establish our national position, so as to enhance our credit with the rest of the world. Footnote 45: _ib._ p. 20 [21]. Footnote 46: _ib._ p. 26 [25]. Footnote 47: _Judenstaat_, p. 70. Footnote 48: He means, apparently, the _Alliance Israélite Universelle_ and its sister organisations in England and Austria. The Jewish Colonisation Association had not yet come into existence. Footnote 49: Herzl shows, in his pamphlet, no great liking for large meetings, even for propaganda purposes. “There is no need”—so writes the founder of the Zionist Congress—“to summon special meetings with a lot of palaver.” (_ib._ p. 57.) Footnote 50: