Some of the European merchants could have translated the letters, but Stambuli bribed them with twenty pounds, and on the 26th of April, thirteen days after the letters had been intercepted, the Mahdi pardoned Stambuli at a public meeting, and handed them back to him; then in the presence of two trustworthy friends of the Mahdi, we translated them word for word into Arabic, and gave them back to the Mahdi, who, judging from their general tenour, appeared convinced of their harmlessness. FOOTNOTES: [E] Pl. of Fakir, _i.e._ a poor religious mendicant--one who has renounced the world. [F] Pl. of Sayid, _i.e._ a master. CHAPTER V. THE MAHDI'S VICTORY OVER HICKS PASHA. The European captives learn that General Hicks is advancing--Slatin Bey's defence of Darfur--His heroism--The Mahdi prepares to resist Hicks--The march of the Hicks Expedition--Extracts from the diary of Major Herlth--Colonel Farquhar's gallantry at Rahad--Gustav Klootz deserts to the Mahdi--Klootz's interview with the Mahdi in which Ohrwalder and Bonomi act as interpreters--The expedition advances towards Shekan--Is surrounded and annihilated--Description of the battle--The Mahdi victor of Kordofan. In our present miserable plight all our hopes were directed on Khartum, from whence we expected succour. Hitherto we heard only vague rumours, but the news of the defeat and death of Wad Makashef on the White Nile encouraged us to hope on. We had no idea who commanded the Egyptian troops in this action. We were quite uncertain as to what policy the Government would adopt regarding Kordofan; and of course, at this time, false reports were flying about everywhere, and it was quite impossible to arrive at the truth. At first we were inclined to believe everything we heard, but gradually we found that we lived in such an atmosphere of lying and deceit that we arrived at believing almost nothing we heard. The Sudanese proverb, "Consider all news to be good and true, even if it be false," is universally acted on in the Moslem world; and those who looked for help from the Government always hoped for good news, and seized on the smallest pretext to give colour to their expectations; their belief in dreams which never came true accentuated their misery. It was useless to try and enlighten these poor ignorant people, contradiction only made them annoyed. Fortune-tellers were often consulted about the future, and naturally they foretold what they thought their interrogators wanted to hear, and thus gave them hope for a short time; but when it turned out incorrect--as was invariably the case--it only increased their depression.