Terrestrial and Celestial Globes Volume 2: Their History and Construction Including a Consideration of their Value as Aids in the Study of Geography and AstronomyStevenson, Edward Luther
History
Terrestrial and Celestial Globes Volume 2: Their History and Construction Including a Consideration of their Value as Aids in the Study of Geography and Astronomy
Stevenson, Edward Luther
Geography -- History; Globes
Rigobert Bonne (1727-1794), a distinguished French hydrographer and
engineer, achieved likewise a very considerable reputation as a
geographer and cartographer; indeed, the great majority of his
scientific publications were within the field of geography.[171] With
Joseph Jérôme Le Français de Lalande (1732-1807), one of the most famous
of French astronomers,[172] he undertook the construction of a
terrestrial and a celestial globe on which it was proposed to record in
particular all of the most recent discoveries in both the field of
geography and that of astronomy. To these globes they gave a diameter
of about 31 cm., following, in constructing the gore maps with which
each sphere was covered, the method of Bion, giving very careful
consideration to the fact that the paper on which the maps were printed
would expand somewhat unevenly when moistened with the paste used in the
mounting. It seems probable that Bonne completed the terrestrial globe
about the year 1771, and Lalande the celestial about the year 1775, and
that the engraving of the maps was entrusted to Lattré, who had at this
time a place of marked distinction in the profession he represented.
Lalande says of the first issue of their work: “M. Lattré, Graveur
ordinaire de Mgr. le Dauphin et de M. le Duc d’Orleans, publiera vers la
fin de cette année 1771, deux globes d’un pied de diamètre, faites avec
le plus grand soin, et sur les observations les plus récentes dessines
avec une nouvelle exactitude; M. Bonne s’est chargé du globe terrestre,
et je suis occupé actuellement du globe céleste. Ces globes seront en
même temps réduits à 8 pouces et à six; chaque assortissement aura des
sphères du même diamètre. Les prix seront annoncés dans les journaux.” A
short time later these globe makers issued a publication in which they
especially described their work, and Lalande noted in his ‘Bibliographie
astronomique’ under the year 1775: “On trouve dans le Globe céleste
toutes les étoiles alors connues, toutes les constellations nouvelles de
la Caille, celle que j’avais introduite sous le nom de Messier, et
toutes les découvertes géographiques obtenues depuis quelques années par
plusieurs voyages autour du monde. On trouve ces globes chez Lamarche,
rue du Foin.” While it has not been possible to locate a pair of the
first edition of these globes, there may be found in the Osservatorio
Astronomico of Palermo an undated terrestrial globe by Bonne and a
celestial, clearly intended as a companion piece, dated 1779. In all
probability they are but reprints of the first edition, having the same
diameters, that is, about 31 cm. Each is furnished with a graduated
horizon circle of wood, a graduated horizon circle of brass, and a
small brass hour circle marked from I to XII, the whole being supported
by three turned columns. They are reported as being well preserved. A
pair has likewise been located in the Geographisches Institut of
Göttingen.
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