Terrestrial and Celestial Globes Volume 2: Their History and Construction Including a Consideration of their Value as Aids in the Study of Geography and AstronomyStevenson, Edward Luther
History
Terrestrial and Celestial Globes Volume 2: Their History and Construction Including a Consideration of their Value as Aids in the Study of Geography and Astronomy
Stevenson, Edward Luther
Geography -- History; Globes
The American Geographical Society possesses a pair of the Adams globes,
the gift of Mrs. Thomas F. Byrnes, dated 1797, and made by “Dudley
Adams Globe Maker to the King, Inst. Maker to his Majesty & Optician to
H. R. H. the Prince of Wales. No. 60 Fleet Street, London.” They are in
a fair state of preservation, the celestial, however, being somewhat
damaged through attempts to turn the sphere, which does not move freely
on its axis within the meridian and the horizon circle. These are
mounted on a high tripod base and are movable right or left, just as
they are movable for elevation or depression of the pole in the usual
manner. It does not appear that additions or corrections were made for
this issue.
Nathaniel Hill of London, active as a map engraver about the middle of
the eighteenth century, likewise turned his attention to the
construction of globes.[175] Those of his make now known, however, are
very small, consequently they present but meager geographical details.
Like certain productions of James Ferguson, the Hill globes might be
referred to as pocket globes.
The New York Public Library possesses a fine example of his work (Fig.
130a), bearing the title and author legend placed in the North Pacific,
“A New Terrestrial Globe by Nath. Hill 1754.” This globe has a diameter
of 7 cm. It is furnished with a graduated meridian circle, surmounted at
the north pole with an hour circle and pointer. The graduation is
somewhat unusual, beginning as it does with 0 degrees at either pole and
marked by tens on the right half of the circle through 90 degrees or to
the equator, and with 90 degrees at either pole and marked by tens on
the left to 0 degrees at the equator. The horizon circle of wood has
represented on its surface the names of the zodiacal constellations, the
names of the months, and the thirty-two compass directions, and rests
upon a base of four branching arms or quadrants, which in turn are
supported by three widely spreading feet, this base being fashioned and
carved in the Chippendale style. The sphere is covered with the usual
twelve gores truncated in latitude both north and south at about 68
degrees and has the polar spaces covered by circular discs. The entire
piece, including the map, is remarkably well preserved. The Pacific is
called “The Great South Sea,” while just off the coast of “S. America”
we read “Pacific Sea.” Between “N. America” and “Asia” is a great open
sea, Alaska being omitted. We find such names given as “Florida,”
“Virginia,” “Carolina,” “Maryla”: the Missouri River is called the “Long
R.” The meridian on which the graduation in latitude is represented is
150 degrees west, passing through the Pacific slightly to the west of
California. In “S. America” there are numerous regional names given,
including “Brazil,” “Peru,” “Terra firma,” “Chili.” In the East Indies
we find “New Holland,” “New Zeeland,” neither with completed coast line.
An attached card tells us that this globe was “Presented to the New York
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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