Terrestrial and Celestial Globes Volume 2: Their History and Construction Including a Consideration of their Value as Aids in the Study of Geography and AstronomyStevenson, Edward Luther
History
Terrestrial and Celestial Globes Volume 2: Their History and Construction Including a Consideration of their Value as Aids in the Study of Geography and Astronomy
Stevenson, Edward Luther
Geography -- History; Globes
The interesting allusions in King Alfonso’s ‘Libros del Saber de
Astronomia,’ from which citations may be found in our Chapter IV, give
us information concerning both methods and materials which might be
employed in globe construction in his day. It is not there stated that
the author had information concerning the actual use of the more than
twenty named materials which might be chosen for their manufacture. He
does, however, lead us to infer that there may have been experiments by
his contemporaries in which trial was made of the fitness of the several
materials named, his conclusion being that wood or brass was the most
suitable.
It has previously been noted that globes appear to have been made now
and then for use in the monastic schools, but we find no detailed
description of their special character. Here and there, it is true, may
be found reference to the adjustability of their parts, and to their
rings which made them serviceable for furthering astronomical studies.
The inference is fair that the globes of these Christian schools were
armillary spheres, and were not solid or hollow balls on the surface of
which the starry firmament or the earth had been depicted.
Behaim’s globe of the year 1492 seems to represent a radical departure
in globe construction. His idea appears to have been novel. He employed
a mould in the making of his globe ball, and over the surface of this
completed ball pasted irregular strips of parchment which furnished a
suitable ground for the draughting of the map with its geographical
outlines and its artistic adornments in color. Behaim’s globe mounting
was of the simplest character, consisting of a metal meridian circle
within which the sphere could be revolved, a horizon circle of like
material, the whole resting upon a tripod base. Although effort was made
to establish in Nürnberg an institute wherein globe making might be
taught especially, the plan seems not to have carried, and such as were
later produced in this city were merely the output of the mathematical
instrument maker’s shop or of the geographical establishments.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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