Texas Fossils: An Amateur Collector's HandbookMatthews, William Henry
Science
Texas Fossils: An Amateur Collector's Handbook
Matthews, William Henry
Paleontology -- Texas
Triassic rocks crop out in parts of the High Plains, the Glass Mountains
of Trans-Pecos Texas, and parts of Pecos, Crockett, Upton, Reagan, and
Glasscock and other west Texas counties. These are predominantly
nonmarine rocks consisting of conglomerates, sandstones, shales, and
some gypsum beds.
Triassic fossils are almost exclusively vertebrates, although some
poorly preserved plant and invertebrate remains have been reported.
Fossil vertebrates of the Texas Triassic include phytosaurs (Pl. 42),
crocodiles, amphibians, and fish.
Jurassic
In Texas, surface exposures of Jurassic rocks are known only from Malone
Mountain in southwestern Hudspeth County. The rocks there are
limestones, shales, sandstones, and conglomerates. Fossils reported from
that locality include marine and fresh-water pelecypods, fresh-water
gastropods, and ammonites.
Cretaceous
Rocks of Cretaceous age are widely distributed in Texas and represent
one of the more important rock systems of the State. Cretaceous outcrops
occur in central Texas, north Texas, the Edwards Plateau, parts of the
High Plains, the Gulf Coastal Plain, and Trans-Pecos Texas.
As mentioned earlier, the Texas Cretaceous has been divided into the
Lower Cretaceous (Comanche series) and Upper Cretaceous (Gulf series).
These rocks consist primarily of marls (a type of calcareous clay),
shales, chalks, and limestones, but sands and conglomerates also occur.
Cretaceous rocks occur on the surface of about 28 percent of Texas, and
many of the larger cities of the State are situated on Cretaceous
strata.
Many of the Gulf and Comanche formations contain fossils which are of
interest both to amateur and professional paleontologists. Because of
their wide distribution in and near large population centers, Cretaceous
outcrops can be conveniently visited by many amateur fossil collectors.
The fossils are usually abundant and varied, and some are well
preserved. Although numerous kinds of fossils may be collected, the more
common forms are cephalopods, pelecypods, gastropods, and echinoids.
Some of the more typical Cretaceous fossils are shown in Plates 16, 21,
25-28, 32, 33, 35, and 36.
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