A variety of quartz with a milk-white color and a glassy to greasy
luster is called _milky quartz_. It occurs either as crystals or as
crystalline masses. Very little light will pass through it. In central
Texas, milky quartz occurs abundantly in the Precambrian rocks of the
Llano uplift area in Blanco, Burnet, Gillespie, Llano, and Mason
counties. It also is found in some of the rocks of the Trans-Pecos
country of west Texas, such as in the Carrizo Mountains of Culberson and
Hudspeth counties. Other good places to look for this variety of quartz
are in the sands and gravels along many streams in Texas.
Some quartz has a glassy to a greasy luster and a rose or pink color.
_Rose quartz_, as this variety is called, commonly occurs as masses
rather than as individual crystals. It can be found along some of the
streams in Texas and also in igneous rocks, such as those of the Llano
uplift area of central Texas.
A kind of quartz with a smoky brown, a smoky yellow, or a dark
brownish-black color is called _smoky quartz_. Its luster is glassy, and
it may be either translucent or transparent. Smoky quartz is commonly
found as crystals that are shaped like 6-sided prisms with pyramid-like
ends. It is commonly associated with igneous rocks, and beautiful
specimens have been found in the Lake Buchanan area of Llano and Burnet
counties in central Texas.
[Illustration: Smoky-quartz crystals from Burnet County, Texas.]
A cryptocrystalline variety of quartz, _chalcedony_, has a waxy to dull
luster and a tan, white, gray, or light-blue color. It is translucent
but not transparent. Chalcedony does not have its own crystal shape but
instead is found in masses that line or fill cracks, pores, and other
cavities in rocks. It is formed when water containing silicon slowly
seeps into these openings in the rocks and deposits the silicon dioxide
there as chalcedony.
Chalcedony commonly occurs in some of the Tertiary rocks of the Gulf
Coastal Plain. For example, chalcedony associated with opal is found
near Freer in northern Duval County. In the High Plains of west Texas,
it is found in alkali-lake deposits, such as at Shafter Lake in Andrews
County and at Cedar Lake in Gaines County. In the Trans-Pecos country of
west Texas, it can be found filling small cavities in extrusive igneous
rocks.
[Illustration: Polished agate from Rio Grande gravels of Zapata County,
Texas.]
A variety of chalcedony that generally is made up of more than one color
is called _agate_ (although agates consisting of several shades of a
single color are also found). The colors may be spread out unevenly so
that the agate has a cloudy appearance, or they can be arranged in wavy,
in straight, or in concentric lines or bands. If the bands are straight
and parallel, the specimen is called _onyx_. Agate that has a moss-like
or tree-like design in it is called _moss agate_. Some agates make
attractive gemstones when cut and polished.
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