3. _The Hands and Feet._--The hands and feet acquire a greyish-blue colour when the body has lain in the water from twelve to twenty-four hours. The skin also becomes corrugated in longitudinal folds. The greyish-blue condition of the hand is known as the “cholera hand.” The nails may contain particles of sand and weeds. “No corrugation or discoloration of the skin of the hands or feet is ever observed on the body of anyone drowned who has been taken out of the water within half an hour, within two, six, or even eight hours” (Casper). The same authority states he has produced these effects by laying the hands after death in water, or wrapping them in cloths kept constantly wet for a few days. 4. _The Genitals._--Contraction of the penis and dartos is an almost constant symptom, and Casper has “not observed anything similar so constantly after any other kind of death.” It is due, probably, to the same cause as the _cutis anserina_, which Brettner attributes to “bundles of unstriped muscular fibres, lying in the upper stratum of the true skin, surrounding the sebaceous glands, and forcing them forwards by their contraction, thus making the _cutis anserina_. Precisely similar unstriped muscles are found in the subcutaneous cellular tissue of the penis; they run principally parallel to the long axis of the member, but very often large bundles run across it.” The action of cold and fright is to induce contraction of these cutaneous muscles, with a resulting contraction of the penis. II. Internal 1. _The Brain._--Cerebral hyperæmia is _most_ rare in the drowned, but cerebral hypostasis is not infrequently mistaken for it. 2. _The Trachea._--The mucous membrane of the trachea and larynx is always more or less injected, and is of a cinnabar-red, which must not be mistaken for the dirty, brownish-red colour, the result of putrefaction. A white froth, but seldom bloody, is also found in varying quantity in the trachea, and is a most important sign of vital reaction, but its diagnostic value is destroyed by putrefaction. Sometimes a portion of the contents of the stomach may be found in the trachea. When this occurs it is due to the act of coughing, induced by the admission of water into the lungs. The contents of the stomach are forced into the mouth, and then drawn into the lungs during the next attempt at inspiration. This indicates that the person entered the water during life. In cases where death has taken place from syncope little or no froth may be found in the trachea.