Text-book of forensic medicine and toxicologyBuchanan, R. J. M. (Robert James McLean)
Science
Text-book of forensic medicine and toxicology
Buchanan, R. J. M. (Robert James McLean)
Medical jurisprudence; Poisons
Death is not always immediate. Sometimes the clothes have been torn
off the body with scarcely any personal injury. _Metallic articles,
especially steel, worn or carried about the person become magnetic_ and
may be fused. The lesions which may be met with after lightning-stroke
are varied, and may comprise wounds of almost any description;
simple, compound, or comminuted fractures of bones; burns in the form
of streaks, patches, lines, or arborescent markings; ecchymoses;
singeing of the hair; impressions of metallic articles on the skin.
Apart from the lesions noted above, the following symptoms may be
present: deafness, blindness, paralysis, loss of memory, delirium,
and convulsions. Not infrequently those killed by lightning are found
in the same position that they occupied during life. The question may
arise as to whether the deceased died by lightning or violence. The
presence of a storm at the time when death is stated to have occurred,
and other attendant circumstances, will in most cases point to the true
cause of death. Metallic articles should be examined with regard to
their electric state. Dr. Honiball tenders this caution: “Be not too
sure that in every body found dead after a thunderstorm, and where no
marks upon it are found, that death was due to lightning-stroke, for it
may happen that death was due solely to cardiac syncope owing to sudden
and startling fright.”
=Post-mortem Appearances.=--Apart from the external injuries, when
present, _post-mortem_ rigidity comes on early. The head and neck
may be purplish in colour, the eyes partially open and suffused,
with variable pupils. The internal signs are not characteristic. The
membranes and vessels of the brain may be hyperæmic. The blood has been
said to be very fluid, but it may be coagulated. The internal organs
may be torn, bones may be fractured, and blood-vessels ruptured.
Industrial Electricity
With the increased use of electricity for motive power and illumination
instances of injury and even death have occurred, and probably will
become more frequent. One of the most important safeguards of the body
against the effects of electricity is its high degree of resistance,
especially if the body surface be dry. Moisture of the body surface
lessens the resistance and increases the liability to injurious effects.
The body is a bad conductor; it is said to be three million times less
than mercury, and fifteen million times less than copper; the nerves
conduct like metals. The danger of electric shocks depends upon the
amount of current passing through the body, the kind of contact, and
the insulation of the body at the time. Moisture of the body or clothes
will increase the effects of the shock. Much depends upon the quality,
duration, strength, and density of the current, and the direction in
which it passes.
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